Abstract: Teichoic acid is one of the most important surface molecules of probiotics, which plays an active role in immune regulation and treatment of colitis. A large number of studies have proved that teichoic acids with different structures can cause different immune responses, which is considered to be an important reason for the different immune responses caused by teichoic acids from probiotics and pathogenic bacteria. The immune responses induced by teichoic acid are summarized at the cellular and molecular levels. On this basis, the role of teichoic acid-deficient mutants of probiotic bacteria in alleviating immune response-related diseases and preventing and treating colitis is analyzed. The purpose of this review is to provide new regulatory targets and research ideas for probiotics in the treatment of immune-related diseases.

Key words: probiotics; teichoic acid; immunoregulation; colitis