关键词: 红豆杉, 多糖, 提取, 纯化, 单糖组成

Abstract: The extraction and purification of polysaccharides from the stems and leaves of wild Taxus chinensis var. mairei (Lemée et Lévl.) Cheng et L.K.Fu grown in mountain areas in the south of Anhui province were investigated and their monosaccharide compositions were determined. The results indicated that flash extraction was the best method to extract polysaccharides from these plant materials. The yields of polysaccharides extracted from thin stems from Taiping county and leaves from Yi county were the highest (7.09 and 10.25 mg/g, respectively). Thin stems contained 10–20 times more polysaccharides than did thick ones. The Sevag method gave the highest deproteinization rate (66.5% and 69.1% for crude polysaccharides extracted from thin stems from Taiping county and leaves from Yi county, respectively). The highest decolorization rate (84.2% and 85.3% for the two crude samples, respectively) was achieved by using hydrogen peroxide. Infrared spectra of polysaccharides extracted from thin and thick stems as well as leaves were similar. The purified polysaccharides (Ⅰ, Ⅱ and Ⅲ) from thin and thick stems as well as leaves contained a similar monosaccharide composition with xylose being predominant, but varying in monosaccharide ratio. These findings can provide valuable information for the development and application of polysaccharides from Taxus plants.

Key words: Taxus, polysaccharides, extraction, purification, monosaccharide composition