食品科学

• 成分分析 • 上一篇    下一篇

不同品种和花期茶树花挥发性物质的主成分和聚类分析

曾 亮1,2,傅丽亚1,罗理勇1,2,马梦君1,黎 盛1   

  1. 1.西南大学食品科学学院,重庆 400715;2.西南大学茶叶研究所,重庆 400715
  • 出版日期:2015-08-25 发布日期:2015-08-17
  • 基金资助:

    国家自然科学基金青年科学基金项目(31100500);重庆市自然科学基金计划项目(cstc2013jcyjA80021);
    中央高校基本科研业务费专项(XDJK2013B036)

Principal Component and Cluster Analyses of Volatile Components in Tea Flowers from Different Cultivars at Different Stages of Bloom

ZENG Liang1,2, FU Liya1, LUO Liyong1,2, MA Mengjun1, LI Sheng1   

  1. 1. College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China;
    2. Tea Research Institute, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
  • Online:2015-08-25 Published:2015-08-17

摘要:

以四川小叶种(群体)、福鼎大白、福安大白、福选9号、金观音和梅占6 个茶树品种的花瓣露白和完全展开2 个花期的茶树花为研究对象,采用顶空固相微萃取-气相色谱-质谱法结合保留指数的方式对供试的12 个茶树花样品挥发性物质进行定性定量分析,并通过主成分和聚类分析对茶树花香型进行判定、区分和聚集。结果表明:气相色谱-质谱检测得到茶树花富含56 个挥发性物质;对56 个物质进行主成分分析可简化为6 个主成分,累积方差贡献率达85.55%,可反映样品的大部分信息;通过主成分和聚类分析将12 个茶树花样品分为2 类:花期Ⅰ和Ⅱ的梅占、花期Ⅱ的四川群体种、花期Ⅱ的金观音归为1 个集群;另8 个样品归为1 个集群。聚集在一起的茶树花样品香型相似,相似香型的茶树花可为原材料的混合采集及后期的生产加工提供参考。

关键词: 茶树花, 顶空固相微萃取-气相色谱-质谱法, 保留指数, 主成分分析, 聚类分析

Abstract:

Principal component analysis (PCA) and cluster analysis (CA) were used to determine, discriminate and classify
the volatile components of tea flowers from different cultivars including Sichuan small-leaf cultivars (population), Fuxuan No.
9, Fudingdabai, Fu’andabai, Jinguanyin and Meizhan at two stages of bloom, namely initial (stage Ⅰ) and full petal (stage Ⅱ)
expansion. Headspace solid phase microextraction (HS-SPME) coupled to gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GCMS)
was used to analyze the volatile components of 12 samples of tea flower based on their retention indices. The results
showed that 56 volatile components in tea flower were obtained, and PCA analysis suggested that 6 principal components
could reflect most of the information on the samples with a total cumulative variance contribution rate of 85.55%. PCA and
CA divided 12 tea flower samples into 2 clusters. One of the clusters was formed by 4 tea flower samples collected from the
two stages of Meizhan, stage Ⅱ of Sichuan small-leaf cultivars and stage Ⅱ of Jinguanyin. The other cluster was formed
by the remaining 8 tea flower samples. The same clusters were alike in flavor, and this could be used as the basis for mixed
collection and further processing of tea flowers.

Key words: tea flower, headspace solid phase microextraction-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, retention indices, principal component analysis, cluster analysis

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