湿热处理多孔玉米淀粉对大鼠脂质代谢的影响

doi:10.7506/spkx1002-6630-201613039

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

目的：探讨湿热处理多孔玉米淀粉对大鼠脂质代谢的影响。方法：32 只雌性Sprague-Dawley（SD）大鼠随机分为4 组，其中1 组为对照组饲喂基础饲料，另外3 组为高脂组，分别为高脂空白组、多孔淀粉组（porousstarch，PS）和湿热处理多孔淀粉组（heat moisture treatment starch，HTMPS），饲喂基础饲料，适应1 周后，对照组饲喂基础饲料，高脂组分别饲喂相应高脂饲料。饲喂4 周后解剖，检测大鼠血脂、肝脂及小肠和粪便中胆汁酸等指标。结果：饲喂多孔淀粉和湿热处理多孔淀粉组大鼠血清总胆固醇（total cholesterol，TC）、甘油三酯（triglyceride，TG）、非高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol，non-HDL-C）、抗动脉硬化指数（atherosclerosis index，AI）、甘油三酯/高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（TG/HDL-C）、肝脏TC、肝脏总TC和腹部脂肪含量显著下降（P＜0.05），粪便中粪醇、胆固醇等中性固醇排泄量增加，粪便中胆汁酸排泄量显著增加（P＜0.05）。PS组与HTMPS组相比，大鼠血浆中TC、AI、腹部脂肪含量、肝脏总脂肪含量较低，粪便中胆汁酸及小肠内容物中胆汁酸较高。结论：多孔淀粉降血脂降胆固醇效果优于湿热处理多孔玉米淀粉，可降低高脂饮食造成的高脂血症风险，对预防心血管疾病有一定的作用。

关键词: 多孔玉米淀粉, 湿热处理, 血脂, 中性固醇

Abstract:

Objective: To investigate the effect of heat-moisture treated corn porous starch on lipid metabolism in rats.
Methods: Totally 32 female Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into 4 groups including control group and three
other groups as high-fat blank group, high-fat porous starch (PS) group and high-fat heat-moisture treated corn porous starch
(HTMPS) group. After adaptive feeding with a basal diet for a week, the rats from the control group were still fed with the
basal diet and those from high-fat groups were given a high fat diet. After 4 weeks, all rats were sacrificed for the analysis
of triglyceride (TG), cholesterol (TC) in serum and liver, and bile acid in small intestine and feces. Results: By feeding corn
porous starch and heat-moisture treated corn porous starch, the contents of TC, TG and non-HDL-C in serum, atherosclerosis
index (AI) and TG/HDL-C ratio in serum as well as TC content in liver and abdominal fat content decreased significantly
(P < 0.05); the fecal excretion of neutral steroid and bile acid increased significantly (P < 0.05). Compared with HTMPS
group, the rats from PS group revealed a reduction in serum TC level, AI, TG/HDL-C ratio and abdominal fat, and an
increase in fecal bile acid excretion and bile acid in small intestinal contents. Conclusion: PS is more successful in reducing
cholesterol than HTMPS. Therefore, porous starch can reduce the risk of hyperlipidemia caused by high-fat diet, and has a
significant role in preventing cardiovascular diseases.

Key words: corn porous starch, heat-moisture treatment, serum lipids, neutral steroid

中图分类号:

TS201.4

刘庆庆，游玉明，陆红佳，田宝明，陈朝军，刘雄. 湿热处理多孔玉米淀粉对大鼠脂质代谢的影响[J]. 食品科学, doi: 10.7506/spkx1002-6630-201613039.

LIU Qingqing, YOU Yuming, LU Hongjia, TIAN Baoming, CHEN Zhaojun, LIU Xiong. Effect of Heat-Moisture Treated Corn Porous Starch on Lipid Metabolism in Rats[J]. FOOD SCIENCE, doi: 10.7506/spkx1002-6630-201613039.

参考文献

[1] BASCIANO H, FEDERICOL L. Fructose, insulin resistance and

meta-bolic dyslipidemia[J]. Nutrition & Metabolism, 2005, 2(1): 5.

DOI:10.1186/1743-7075-2-5.

[2] MARÍA A F, YOLANDA B L, ADRIANA C. The reduction of dietary

sucrose improves dyslipidemia, adiposity and insulin secretion in an

insulin resistant rat model[J]. Nutrition, 2007, 23(6): 489-497.

[3] CHANG P R, YU Jiugao, MA Xiaofei. Preparation of porous starch

and its use as a structure-directing agent for production of porous

zinc oxide[J]. Carbohydrate Polymers, 2011, 83(2): 1016-1019.

DOI:10.1016/j.carbpol.2010.08.076.

[4] LUO Zhigang, FU Xiong. Immobilization of urease on dialdehyde

porous starch[J]. Starch-Stärke, 2010, 62(12): 652-657. DOI:10.1002/

star.201000067.

[5] NAGATA K, OKAMOTO H, DANJO K. Naproxen particle design

using porous starch[J]. Drug Development and Industrial Pharmacy,

2001, 27(4): 287-296. DOI:10.1081/DDC-100103728.

[6] YOSHIMARU T, SHIBATA M, FUKUGOMORI T, et al. Preparation

and characteristics of rumen-bypass microcapsules for improvement

of productivity in ruminants[J]. Journal of Agricultural and Food

Chemistry, 1999, 47(2): 554-557. DOI:10.1021/jf980708l.

[7] GLENN G M, KLAMCZYNSKI A P, WOODS D F, et al.

Encapsulation of plant oils in porous starch microspheres[J]. Journal

of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 2010, 58(7): 4180-4184.

DOI:10.1021/jf9037826.

[8] TORRES F G, BOCCACCINI A R, TRONCOSO O P. Microwave

processing of starch-based porous structures for tissue engineering

scaffolds[J]. Journal of Applied Polymer Science, 2007, 103(2): 1332-1339.

DOI:10.1002/app.25345.

[9] COLLADO L S, CORKE H. Heat-moisture treatment effects on sweet

potato starches differing in amylose content[J]. Food Chemistry, 1999,

65(3): 339-346. DOI:10.1016/S0308-8146(98)00228-3.

[10] GUNARATNE A, HOOVER R. Effect of heat-moisture treatment

on the structure and physicochemical properties of tuber and

root starches[J]. Carbohydrate Polymers, 2002, 49(4): 425-437.

DOI:10.1016/S0144-8617(01)00354-X.

[11] ANDERSON A K, GURAYA H S. Effects of microwave heatmoisture

treatment on properties of waxy and non-waxy rice

starches[J]. Food Chemistry, 2006, 97(2): 318-323. DOI:10.1016/

j.foodchem.2005.04.025.

[12] LAWAL O S. Studies on the hydrothermal modifications of new

cocoyam (Xanthosoma sagittifolium) starch[J]. International Journal

of Biological Macromolecules, 2005, 37(5): 268-277. DOI:10.1016/

j.ijbiomac.2005.12.016.

[13] 林江涛, 刘国琴, 钟洁明, 等. 微孔性变性淀粉的研究[J]. 郑州粮食学院

学报, 1999, 20(4): 45-50. DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1673-2383.1999.04.011.

[14] 刘雄, 周琼, 陈宗道, 等. 高吸油性微孔淀粉制备技术研究[J]. 食品与发酵工

业, 2004, 30(2): 138-141. DOI:10.3321/j.issn:1003-0174.2005.03.006.

[15] ZHANG Bing, CUI Dapeng, LIU Mingzhu, et al. Corn porous starch:

preparation, characterization and adsorption property[J]. International

Journal of Biological Macromolecules, 2012, 50(1): 250-256.

DOI:10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2011.11.002.

[16] REEVES P G, NIELSEN F H, FAHEY G C. AIN-93 purified diets for

laboratory rodents: final report of the American Institute of Nutrition

ad hoc writing committee on the reformulation of AIN-76A rodent

diet[J]. Journal of Nutrition, 1993, 123(11): 1939-1951.

[17] le LEU R K, BROWN I L, HU Y, et al. Effect of dietary resistant starch

and protein on colonic fermentation and intestinal tumourigenesis in rats[J].

Carcinogenesis, 2007, 28(2): 240-245. DOI:10.1093/carcin/bg1245.

[18] FOLCH J, LESS M. A simple method for the isolation and purification

of total lipids from animal tissue[J]. Journal of Biological Chemistry,

1957, 226: 497-509. DOI:10.1007/s10858-011-9570-9.

[19] ASH M M, HANG J, DUSSAULT P H, et al. Phytosterol stearate

esters elicit similar responses on plasma lipids and cholesterol

absorption but different responses on fecal neutral sterol excretion

and hepatic free cholesterol in male Syrian hamsters[J]. Nutrition

Research, 2011, 31(7): 537-543. DOI:10.1016/j.nutres.2011.06.007.

[20] 游玉明, 任文瑾, 刘庆庆, 等. 花椒精对卵巢切除大鼠脂质代谢的影

响[J]. 食品科学, 2015, 36(5): 153-157. DOI:10.7506/spkx1002-6630-

201505029.

[21] SHELTAWY M J, LOSOWSKY M S. Determination of faecal bile

acids by an enzymic method[J]. Clinica Chimica Acta, 1975, 64(2):

127-132. DOI:10.1016/0009-8981(75)90194-1.

[22] 唐艳. 薛荔籽果胶降血脂效果的评价及其机理的研究[D]. 重庆: 西

南大学, 2014: 17-20.

[23] KATO M, OGAW H, KISHIDA T, et al. The mechanism of the

cholesterol-lowering effect of water-insoluble fish protein in

ovariectomised rats[J]. British Journal of Nutrition, 2009, 102(6): 816-824.

DOI:10.1017/S0007114509316153.

[24] PATRICK E. Triglycerides and risk for coronary heart disease[J]. The

Journal of the American Medical Association, 2007, 298(3): 336-338.

DOI:10.1001/jama.298.3.336.

[25] NORDESTGAARD B G, BENN M, SCHNOHR P, et al. Nonfasting

triglycerides and risk of myocardial infarction, ischemic heart disease,

and death in men and women[J]. The Journal of the American Medical

Association, 2007, 298(3): 299-308. DOI:10.1001/jama.298.3.299.