食品科学 ›› 2019, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (22): 14-19.doi: 10.7506/spkx1002-6630-20190129-370

• 食品化学 • 上一篇    下一篇

利用初榨大豆毛油制备β-谷甾醇油脂凝胶

吴非,吴楠,李丹,陈书曼,张雪,王立琦,于殿宇,张理博   

  1. (1.东北农业大学食品学院,黑龙江 哈尔滨 150030;2.哈尔滨商业大学计算机与信息工程学院,黑龙江 哈尔滨 150028;3.九三集团哈尔滨惠康食品有限公司,黑龙江 哈尔滨 150069)
  • 出版日期:2019-11-25 发布日期:2019-12-02
  • 基金资助:
    黑龙江省教育厅课题(TSTAU-R2018010;TSTAU-C2018011); “十三五”国家重点研发计划重点专项(2018YFD0401101)

Preparation of β-Sitosterol Oleogels by Using Virgin Soybean Oil

WU Fei, WU Nan, LI Dan, CHEN Shuman, ZHANG Xue, WANG Liqi, YU Dianyu, ZHANG Libo   

  1. (1. College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China;2. School of Computer and Information Engineering, Harbin University of Commerce, Harbin 150028, China;3. Harbin Hui Kang Food Company of Jiu San Group, Harbin 150069, China)
  • Online:2019-11-25 Published:2019-12-02

摘要: 利用初榨大豆毛油中天然磷脂,通过添加β-谷甾醇,使其与天然磷脂形成复合凝胶剂制备油脂凝胶,研究β-谷甾醇添加量对油脂凝胶硬度、热力学性质、固体脂肪含量(solid fat content,SFC)、凝胶晶型和微观结构的影响。结果表明:在20 ℃条件下,油脂凝胶中β-谷甾醇添加量不小于12%时,即可出现凝胶行为。油脂凝胶的硬度和SFC都随着β-谷甾醇添加量的增加而增加,且在不同贮藏温度下硬度变化显著。β-谷甾醇添加量对热力学特性影响较大,熔化结晶均为单峰。油脂凝胶主要为β型晶体,晶体为长针状并均匀分布,随β-谷甾醇添加量的增多,油脂凝胶晶体密度增大,尺寸变小,形成的三维网状结构更加紧密,截留植物油的能力不断提高,表明β-谷甾醇可以与初榨大豆毛油中的天然磷脂结合形成油脂凝胶,该油脂凝胶中无反式脂肪酸,富含天然营养成分,具有适宜油脂凝胶硬度及良好的结构稳定性等优势。

关键词: 初榨大豆毛油, 天然磷脂, β-谷甾醇, 油脂凝胶, 凝胶特性

Abstract: Oleogels were prepared by the formation of composite gels from natural phospholipids in virgin soybean oil with added β-sitosterol. The effects of the amount of β-sitosterol on the hardness, thermodynamic properties, solid fat content (SFC), X-ray diffraction (XRD) pattern and microstructure of oleogels were investigated. The results showed that gel behavior could occur at 20 ℃ when the amount of β-sitosterol was no less than 12%. Both the hardness and SFC of oleogels increased with the addition of β-sitosterol, and the hardness changed significantly at different storage temperatures. The amount of β-sitosterol added had a great influence on the thermodynamic characteristics, and the molten crystals all showed single peaks. The oleogels mainly formed β crystals, which were long needle-like and evenly distributed. With β-sitosterol addition, the density of oleogel crystals increased, the size became smaller, and the three-dimensional network structure formed was more compact, along with a gradual increase in oil retention ability, indicating that β-sitosterol can combine with natural phospholipids in virgin soybean oil forming oleogels, which contained no trans fatty acids (TFAS), were rich in natural nutrients, and had desirable gel hardness and good structural stability.

Key words: virgin soybean oil, natural phospholipid, β-sitosterol, oleogels, oleogels properties

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