食品科学 ›› 2021, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (5): 187-192.doi: 10.7506/spkx1002-6630-20200101-005

• 营养卫生 • 上一篇    下一篇

L-茶氨酸对高蛋白饮食诱导大鼠行为变化的干预作用

宋玉欣,龚志华,张娇,贺麟,李兰兰,陈美艳,张杨玲,屈青云,肖文军   

  1. (湖南农业大学 茶学教育部重点实验室,国家植物功能成分利用工程技术研究中心,湖南 长沙 410128)
  • 出版日期:2021-03-15 发布日期:2021-03-29
  • 基金资助:
    湖南省自然科学基金项目(2020JJ4036);“十三五”国家重点研发计划重点专项(2017YFD0400803)

Intervention Effect of L-Theanine on Behavioral Changes Induced by High Protein Diet in Rats

SONG Yuxin, GONG Zhihua, ZHANG Jiao, HE Lin, LI Lanlan, CHEN Meiyan, ZHANG Yangling, QU Qingyun, XIAO Wenjun   

  1. (Key Lab of Tea Science, Ministry of Education, National Research Center of Engineering Technology for Utilization Ingredients from Botanicals, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China)
  • Online:2021-03-15 Published:2021-03-29

摘要: 高蛋白饮食可导致焦虑或抑郁自主行为,自主行为是判断是否具有焦虑或抑郁病症的重要方法。本研究通过对SPF级6 周龄SD雄性大鼠进行40 d灌胃实验,采用旷场与明暗箱实验观察以及测定生理生化指标的方法,探究不同剂量L-茶氨酸(100、200、400 mg/(kg mb·d))对不同蛋白水平饮食(蛋白质供能比分别为20%、30%、40%、50%)SD大鼠行为变化的干预作用,以期为高蛋白饮食的多元化营养干预及L-茶氨酸深层次利用提供科学依据。结果表明:与蛋白质供能比为20%的普通维持饲料组相比,蛋白质供能比为50%的高水平高蛋白饲料组的采食量、体质量显著减少(P<0.05),大鼠在明箱中的停留时间显著缩短(P<0.05),进入明箱的次数显著减少(P<0.05),多巴胺、5-羟色胺、去甲肾上腺素质量浓度减少,但无显著差异,说明高水平高蛋白饮食可诱导大鼠抑郁行为。与高水平高蛋白饲料组相比,低剂量L-茶氨酸干预的高水平高蛋白饲料组大鼠体质量显著升高(P<0.05),且在明箱的停留时间显著延长(P<0.05);低、中剂量L-茶氨酸干预的高水平高蛋白饲料组大鼠在旷场箱的水平移动格数、后肢站立次数显著增加(P<0.05);各剂量L-茶氨酸干预的高水平高蛋白饲料组大鼠进入明箱的次数显著增加(P<0.05),且血清中多巴胺、去甲肾上腺素质量浓度显著升高(P<0.05);同时低剂量L-茶氨酸干预的高水平高蛋白饲料组大鼠血清中5-羟色胺质量浓度显著升高(P<0.05)。综上,L-茶氨酸具有改善高蛋白饮食所致焦虑或抑郁SD大鼠自主行为的作用,其机制可能与单胺类递质的代谢相关。

关键词: L-茶氨酸;高蛋白饮食;自主行为;营养干预;抗抑郁

Abstract: A high-protein diet readily leads to anxiety and depression, and autonomous behaviors are an important avenue to judge anxiety and depression. In this study, we investigated the intervention effect of different doses of L-theanine (100, 200 and 400 mg/(kg mb·d)) (intragastric administration for 40 days) on behavioral changes in SD rats (SPF grade, male, 6 weeks old) fed five experimental diets with different protein-to-energy (P:E) ratios of 20%, 30%, 40% and 50% through open field and light/dark box tests and physiological and biochemical characterization, in order to provide a scientific basis for multi-nutritional intervention in high-protein diet fed animals and in-depth utilization of L-theanine. The results showed that the feed intake and body mass of rats in the 50% P:E ratio group were significantly reduced when compared with the ordinary diet group with 20% P:E ratio (P < 0.05). The residence time in the light box was significantly shortened (P < 0.05), and the number of times of entering the light box was significantly decreased (P < 0.05). The contents of dopamine, 5-hydroxytryptamine and norepinephrine were decreased but not statistically significantly, suggesting that high dietary protein levels can induce depressive behaviors in rats. Low-dose L-theanine treatment significantly increased the body mass of rats in the high-protein diet group, and prolonged the residence time in the light box (P < 0.05). Low- and medium-dose L-theanine intervention significantly increased the number of crossing and rearing in the open field test, the number of times of entering the light box, and serum norepinephrine and dopamine levels (P < 0.05), and low-dose L-theanine intervention significantly increased the concentration of 5-hydroxytryptamine in the serum of rats (P < 0.05). In conclusion, L-theanine can improve the autonomic behavior of SD rats with anxiety or depression caused by high-protein diet through a mechanism related to the metabolism of monoamine transmitters.

Key words: L-theanine; high-protein diet; spontaneous behavior; nutritional intervention; antidepressant

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