食品科学 ›› 2021, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (15): 180-186.doi: 10.7506/spkx1002-6630-20200809-120

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链格孢霉菌侵染番茄产毒机制

曲劲尧,林煜程,毛馨,卢国柱,袁智鹏,张瑶瑶,尤艳莉,李彦伸   

  1. (烟台大学生命科学学院,山东 烟台 264005)
  • 出版日期:2021-08-15 发布日期:2021-08-27
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金面上项目(31871718);烟台市科技创新发展计划项目(2021XDHZ080)

Occurrence Patterns of Alternaria Toxins in Tomatoes Inoculated with Alternaria spp.

QU Jingyao, LIN Yucheng, MAO Xin, LU Guozhu, YUAN Zhipeng, ZHANG Yaoyao, YOU Yanli, LI Yanshen   

  1. (College of Life Sciences, Yantai University, Yantai 264005, China)
  • Online:2021-08-15 Published:2021-08-27

摘要: 为研究链格孢霉侵染番茄后的产毒机制,本实验将链格孢霉孢子悬液接种于蕃茄上,并分别置于4 ℃和25 ℃下培养,15 d内进行3 次取样。样品经高分辨质谱检测后,使用MZmine、Xcalibur软件对检测结果进行分析,原质谱数据集经Mzmine软件处理后导入全球天然产物社会分子网络平台,采用基于特征的分子网络(feature-based molecular networking,FBMN)建立真菌毒素及代谢物分子网络,实现对链格孢毒素代谢通路的可视化分析。结果表明,接种后番茄在4 ℃下未产生任何毒素,25 ℃下链格孢酚(alternariol,AOH)、链格孢甲基醚(alternariol monomethyl ether,AME)、细链格孢菌酮酸(tenuazonic acid,TeA)、腾毒素(tentoxin,TEN)在5、10、15 d时均被检出,链格孢霉烯(altenuene,ALT)直至15 d时才被检出,3 次取样中TeA含量均最高。利用MZmine软件的碎片诊断过滤功能和Xcalibur软件精确分子质量技术验证了AOH和AME硫酸盐结合的隐蔽型真菌毒素的存在。FBMN分析结果表明3 种毒素(AOH、AME、TeA)有明显的代谢通路,代谢产物的种类较多,而未在番茄中检测到TEN和ALT代谢产物。本研究阐明了链格孢霉毒素在番茄中的产生及代谢机制,可为番茄中链格孢毒素的有效控制及番茄的贮藏保鲜提供理论支持。

关键词: 番茄;链格孢霉;链格孢毒素;隐蔽型真菌毒素;代谢通路

Abstract: In order to investigate the occurrence patterns of Alternaria toxins in tomato fruit infected with Alternaria, fresh tomatoes were artificially injured, inoculated with a spore suspension of Alternaria spp. tomato and stored at 4 or 25 ℃ for 15 days. Samples were taken at three intervals for analysis by high resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS), and the obtained data were analyzed using MZmine and Xcalibur software. The original mass spectral dataset was processed by MZmine and imported into the global natural products social molecular networking platform to establish a molecular network for visual analysis of the metabolic pathways of Alternaria toxins using feature-based molecular networking (FBMN). The results showed that no toxins occurred in inoculated tomato after storage at 4 ℃. Alternariol (AOH), alternariol monomethyl ether (AME), tenuazonic acid (TeA) and tentoxin (TEN) were all detected after 5, 10 and 15 days of storage at 25 ℃, and altenuene (ALT) was detected only on day 15, with TeA being detected at the highest level in all three samples. The presence of hidden toxins combined with AOH and AME sulfate was confirmed by using the Diagnostic Fragmentation Filtering (DFF) function in MZmine and through exact mass measurement with Xcalibur software. The metabolic pathway diagram established based on FBMN showed that AOH, AME and TeA had more relational networks, and TEN and ALT molecular nodes existed in isolation. This research may provide theoretical support for controlling the occurrence of Alternaria oxins in tomatoes and its preservation.

Key words: tomato; Alternaria spp.; Alternaria toxins; hidden toxins; metabolic pathway

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