生姜抗性淀粉对高脂血症大鼠降血脂作用和胆汁酸代谢的影响

doi:10.7506/spkx1002-6630-20210603-036

食品科学 ›› 2022, Vol. 43 ›› Issue (7): 147-157.doi: 10.7506/spkx1002-6630-20210603-036

生姜抗性淀粉对高脂血症大鼠降血脂作用和胆汁酸代谢的影响

常青，郑宝东，张怡，曾红亮

（1.福建农林大学食品科学学院，福建福州 350002；2.福建省特种淀粉品质科学与加工技术重点实验室，福建福州 350002）

出版日期:2022-04-15 发布日期:2022-04-26
基金资助:
建省高校领军人才资助计划项目（660160190）

Ginger Resistant Starch Regulates Lipids and Bile Acid Metabolism in Hyperlipidemic Rats

CHANG Qing, ZHENG Baodong, ZHANG Yi, ZENG Hongliang

(1. College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China; 2. Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Quality Science and Processing Technology in Special Starch, Fuzhou 350002, China)

Online:2022-04-15 Published:2022-04-26

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为了研究不同类型生姜抗性淀粉对高脂血症大鼠降血脂作用的影响，本实验测定高脂血症大鼠生理生化指标，比较观察血管、结肠和肝脏等组织病理学特征，测定血清中初级和次级胆汁酸质量浓度，构建血清胆汁酸代谢轮廓谱。结果表明，相对高脂模型（hyperlipidemic model，HM）组，辛伐他汀阳性对照（positive control，PC）、II型生姜抗性淀粉（ginger resistant starch type 2，GRS2）、III型生姜抗性淀粉（ginger resistant starch type 3，GRS3）、IV型生姜抗性淀粉（ginger resistant starch type 4，GRS4）和高直链玉米淀粉（high amylose maize starch，HMS）能显著降低高脂血症大鼠的体质量和肝脏指数（P＜0.05），辛伐他汀和GRS4效果最佳。辛伐他汀、生姜抗性淀粉和HMS均能显著降低高脂血症大鼠血清的甘油三酯（total triglyeride，TG）、总胆固醇（total cholesterol，TCHO）、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（low density lipoprotein cholesterol，LDL-C）水平（P＜0.05），显著降低谷丙转氨酶（alanine aminotransferase，ALT）和谷草转氨酶（aspartate aminotransferase，AST）活力（P＜0.05），显著提高高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（high density lipoprotein cholesterol，HDL-C）浓度（P＜0.05），GRS3和GRS4的效果最佳。由组织病理学观察发现，生姜抗性淀粉能改善高脂血症大鼠血管层次、内膜结构及血管外壁结构；增加结肠肌层厚度、黏膜厚度及绒毛长度，使结肠组织隐窝和杯状细胞结构清晰；减少肝脏细胞质中的脂肪空泡数量和大小，且生姜抗性淀粉GRS3和GRS4的效果优于HMS。此外，生姜抗性淀粉GRS3和GRS4主要是通过降低血清中的游离型初级胆汁酸（胆酸、鹅脱氧胆酸、β-鼠胆酸和α-鼠胆酸）和脱氧型次级胆酸（如猪脱氧胆酸、熊脱氧胆酸、脱氧胆酸、牛磺猪脱氧胆酸和甘氨熊脱氧胆酸）质量浓度来改善高脂血症大鼠的血脂代谢。

关键词: 生姜抗性淀粉；高脂血症大鼠；降血脂作用；胆汁酸代谢

Abstract: In order to study the hypolipidemic effect of different types of ginger resistant starch on experimentally induced hyperlipidemia in rats, physiological and biochemical indicators of hyperlipidemic rats were measured, and histopathological characteristics of blood vessel, colon and liver tissues were examined. By measuring the contents of primary and secondary bile acids in serum, a serum metabolic profile of bile acids was constructed. The results showed that compared to the hyperlipidemic model (HM) group, the body mass and liver index of rats in the positive control (PC, simvastatin), ginger resistant starch type 2 (GRS2), ginger resistant starch type 3 (GRS3), ginger resistant starch type 4 (GRS4) and high amylose maize starch (HMS) groups were significantly reduced, PC and GRS4 being the most effective in this regard. Simvastatin, ginger resistant starch and HMS significantly reduced the contents of total triglyeride (TG), total cholesterol (TCHO), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), and the activity of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) (P < 0.05), and increased the level of high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) in the rat serum (P < 0.05), and the best effect was found with GRS3 and GRS4. According to histopathological observation, ginger resistant starch could improve the vascular layer, intimal structure and outer wall structure of hyperlipidemia rats, increase the thickness of the colonic muscularis, the thickness of the mucous membrane and the length of villi, make the structure of colonic crypts and goblet cells clearer, and reduce the number and size of fat vacuoles in the liver cytoplasm. In this regard, GRS3 and GRS4 were more effective than HMS. In addition, GRS3 and GRS4 improved lipid metabolism in hyperlipidemic rats mainly by reducing the contents of free primary bile acids (cholic acid, chenodeoxycholic acid, β-murocholic acid and α-murocholic acid) and deoxygenated secondary bile acids (hyodeoxycholic acid, ursodeoxycholic acid, deoxycholic acid, taurohyodeoxycholic acid and glycoursodeoxycholic acid) in the serum.

Key words: ginger resistant starch; hyperlipidemia rats; lipid-lowering effect; bile acid metabolism

中图分类号:

TS201.4

常青，郑宝东，张怡，曾红亮. 生姜抗性淀粉对高脂血症大鼠降血脂作用和胆汁酸代谢的影响[J]. 食品科学, 2022, 43(7): 147-157.

CHANG Qing, ZHENG Baodong, ZHANG Yi, ZENG Hongliang. Ginger Resistant Starch Regulates Lipids and Bile Acid Metabolism in Hyperlipidemic Rats[J]. FOOD SCIENCE, 2022, 43(7): 147-157.

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生姜抗性淀粉对高脂血症大鼠降血脂作用和胆汁酸代谢的影响

Ginger Resistant Starch Regulates Lipids and Bile Acid Metabolism in Hyperlipidemic Rats

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