食品科学 ›› 2023, Vol. 44 ›› Issue (19): 394-404.doi: 10.7506/spkx1002-6630-20221002-008

• 专题论述 • 上一篇    

酶的耐酸性改造及在赭曲霉毒素A脱除中的应用研究进展

赵自通,张真真,张昊祥,阮丽,梁志宏,王鸿磊   

  1. (1.中国农业大学食品科学与营养工程学院,北京 100083;2.食品质量与安全北京实验室,北京 100083;3.农业农村部转基因生物食用安全监督检验测试中心(北京),北京 100083;4.中国农业大学烟台研究院,山东 烟台 264670)
  • 发布日期:2023-11-07
  • 基金资助:
    山东省自然科学基金项目(ZR202102260301);国家自然科学基金面上项目(32172170)

Research Progress on Acid Resistance Modification of Enzymes and Application in Ochratoxin A Degradation

ZHAO Zitong, ZHANG Zhenzhen, ZHANG Haoxiang, RUAN Li, LIANG Zhihong, WANG Honglei   

  1. (1. College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; 2. Beijing Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety, Beijing 100083, China; 3. Supervision, Inspection and Testing Center of Genetically Modified Organisms, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100083, China; 4. Yantai Institute of China Agricultural University, Yantai 264670, China)
  • Published:2023-11-07

摘要: 蛋白酶具有催化效率高、专一性强等特点,被广泛应用于食品、化工、医药等领域。但天然蛋白酶易受环境酸度的影响,不适宜的环境酸度会导致其催化效率降低,有效的酶耐酸性改造策略是推动酶制剂工业化应用的关键。理性设计策略可有效提高酶的耐酸性,对不同背景的生物酶可采用同源序列比对、表面电荷优化、分子内作用力优化等策略进行改造。针对赭曲霉毒素A(ochratoxin A,OTA)暴露较多的食品及食品原料偏酸性的特征,本文综述了酶耐酸性改造的常用策略及其在OTA脱除领域的应用前景,以期为工业酶的耐酸性研究提供参考,为真菌毒素脱毒酶的实际应用提供理论依据。

关键词: 生物酶;耐酸性;理性设计;脱毒酶;赭曲霉毒素A

Abstract: Proteases have the advantages of high catalytic efficiency and strong specificity, which are widely used in food, chemical, medicine and other industrial fields. However, natural proteases are susceptible to environmental acidity and inappropriate environmental acidity reduces their catalytic efficiency. Effective strategies to improve the acidity resistance of enzymes are key to promote their industrial application. Rational design strategy is an effective technique to improve the acidic stability of enzymes, such as homologous sequence alignment, surface charge optimization, and intramolecular force optimization. Considering most foods and food raw materials which are subject to contamination by ochratoxin A (OTA) are acidic, this review summarizes the common strategies for improving the acidic stability of enzymes and their prospects for application in the field of OTA degradation. It is expected that this review will provide a reference for research on the acid resistance of industrial enzymes and provide a theoretical basis for the application of mycotoxin-degrading enzymes.

Key words: enzyme; acidic stability; rational design; ochratoxinase; ochratoxin A

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