柚皮纤维调节高脂饮食小鼠血脂与肥胖及其与肠道菌群的关系

doi:10.7506/spkx1002-6630-20221022-219

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 用柚皮纤维原料及其提取物不溶性膳食纤维、果胶结合D12492高脂饲料饲喂C57BL/6小鼠67 d，观察小鼠摄食量、体质量、血脂生化指标、脏器指数及肠道菌群变化，探究膳食纤维预防肥胖及其调节肠道菌群的效果。结果表明：与肥胖对照组（obesity control group，OCG）相比，不溶性膳食纤维组（insoluble dietary fiber group，IDF）小鼠体质量、血清总胆固醇（total cholesterol，TC）及低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（low density lipoprotein cholesterol，LDL-C）浓度、附睾脂肪系数、Lee’s指数分别降低4.9%、8.3%、14.29%、0.44%、2.54%；果胶组（soluble dietary fiber group，SDF）分别降低5.1%、11.4%、21.21%、0.60%、2.47%；原料组（raw material group，RMG）分别升高1.3%、7.4%、12.5%、0.96%、1.27%；而IDF、SDF、RMG小鼠血清高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（high density lipoprotein cholesterol，HDL-C）浓度分别提高0.52%、0.78%、5.44%。补充柚皮膳食纤维提高了小鼠肠道中拟杆菌门、毛螺菌属相对丰度，降低了厚壁菌门、脱硫菌门、脱铁杆菌相对丰度。结论：柚皮不溶性膳食纤维、果胶对预防肥胖和降低血脂有显著效果。其作用效果并非通过抑制摄食量实现，很可能与其增加小鼠肠道中拟杆菌门、毛螺菌属等相对丰度，降低脱硫菌门、脱铁杆菌等相对丰度有关。厚壁菌门相对丰度的升高与体质量变化无显著相关性，但与HDL-C浓度呈显著正相关，与LDL-C浓度呈显著负相关，有利于控制血脂；拟杆菌门相对丰度的升高与体质量及TC、HDL-C浓度呈显著负相关，与LDL-C浓度呈显著正相关，有利于控制体质量，但不利于控制血脂，因此拟杆菌门与厚壁菌门对体质量和血脂的影响还需要深入研究。未经提取纯化的柚皮纤维能增加小鼠摄食量，使其体质量和LDL-C浓度增加，但同时能显著增加HDL-C浓度，因此其对体质量和血脂影响的利弊还需要进一步确认。

关键词: 柚皮；膳食纤维；果胶；肠道菌群；肥胖

Abstract: This study intended to investigate the efficacy of dietary fiber in preventing obesity and regulating the intestinal microflora. C57BL/6 mice were fed D12492 high-fat diet supplemented with pomelo peel, insoluble dietary fiber (IDF) from pomelo peel or soluble dietary fiber (SDF) from pomelo peel. Those fed a maintenance diet or the high-fat diet served as normal control and obesity control groups, respectively. The feeding period lasted for 67 days. The changes in food intake, body mass, blood biochemical indexes, visceral indexes and intestinal microflora of the mice were observed during the feeding period. The results showed that compared with the obesity control group, body mass, serum total cholesterol (TC) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) levels, epididymal fat coefficient and Lee’s index decreased by 4.9%, 8.3%, 14.29%, 0.44% and 2.54% in the IDF group, decreased by 5.1%, 11.4%, 21.21%, 0.60% and 2.47% in the SDF group, but increased by 1.3%, 7.4%, 12.5%, 0.96% and 1.27% in the pomelo peel group, respectively. The concentration of HDL-C increased by 0.52%, 0.78% and 5.44% in the IDF, SDF and pomelo peel groups, respectively. Moreover, dietary fiber from pomelo peel increased the relative abundance of Bacteroidetes and Lachnospiraceae_NK4A136_group, and decreased the relative abundance of Firmicutes, Desulfobacterota and Deferribacterota. Therefore, both SDF and IDF from pomelo peel have a significant effect on preventing obesity and lowering blood lipids, probably not by inhibiting food intake but rather by increasing the relative abundance of Bacteroidetes and Lachnospiraceae_NK4A136_group, and decreasing the relative abundance of Desulfobacterota and Deferribacteres. The increase in the relative abundance of Firmicutes is not significantly correlated with body mass, but significantly positively correlated with HDL-C and negatively correlated with LDL-C, which is beneficial to lipid control. The increase in the relative abundance of Bacteroidetes is significantly negatively correlated with body mass, TC and HDL-C levels, and significantly positively correlated with LDL-C levels, which is conducive to body mass control, but not blood lipid control. Hence, the effects of Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes on body mass and blood lipids need to be further studied. Pomelo peel dietary fiber can increase body mass and LDL-C levels by increasing food intake, but also significantly increase HDL-C levels. Similarly, its benefits in controlling body mass and blood lipids need to be further confirmed.

Key words: pomelo peel; dietary fiber; pectin; intestinal flora; obesity

中图分类号:

TS201.4

张倩倩，袁林，王雪儿，韩婕，王学强，张睿，张涵鸣，莫开菊. 柚皮纤维调节高脂饮食小鼠血脂与肥胖及其与肠道菌群的关系[J]. 食品科学, 2023, 44(19): 131-139.

ZHANG Qianqian, YUAN Lin, WANG Xue’er, HAN Jie, WANG Xueqiang, ZHANG Rui, ZHANG Hanming, MO Kaiju. Pomelo Peel Fiber Regulates Lipids and Obesity in High Fat Diet-Fed Mice by Regulating the Intestinal Microflora[J]. FOOD SCIENCE, 2023, 44(19): 131-139.

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柚皮纤维调节高脂饮食小鼠血脂与肥胖及其与肠道菌群的关系

Pomelo Peel Fiber Regulates Lipids and Obesity in High Fat Diet-Fed Mice by Regulating the Intestinal Microflora

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