食品科学 ›› 2023, Vol. 44 ›› Issue (18): 277-285.doi: 10.7506/spkx1002-6630-20221117-202

• 成分分析 • 上一篇    

基于GC-MS及电子鼻技术结合化学计量法表征8 种白桃关键香气的差异

刘格格,毕金峰,苟敏,吕健,吴昕烨,陈芹芹   

  1. (中国农业科学院农产品加工研究所,农业农村部农产品加工重点实验室,北京 100193)
  • 发布日期:2023-09-29
  • 基金资助:
    国家桃产业技术体系建设专项(CARS-30-5-02); 中国农业科学院农产品加工研究所创新工程项目(CAAS-ASTIP-2022-IFST)

Gas Chromatography and Electronic Nose Combined with Chemometrics to Investigate Differences in Key Aroma Components in Eight White-Fleshed Peach Cultivars

LIU Gege, BI Jinfeng, GOU Min, LÜ Jian, WU Xinye, CHEN Qinqin   

  1. (Key Laboratory of Agro-Products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China)
  • Published:2023-09-29

摘要: 为探究不同品种白桃香气品质的差异,采用电子鼻结合顶空固相微萃取-气相色谱-质谱(headspace solid-phase microextraction-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry,HS-SPME-GC-MS)联用仪,分析8 种白桃样品(白银桃(BYT)、陇蜜5号(LM5H)、新川中岛(XCZD)、秋彤(QT)、新大久保(XDJB)、颐红蜜(YHM)、颐红水蜜(YHSM)和冈山白(GSB))的挥发性成分,并采用相对气味活度值(relative odor activity value,ROAV)和变量重要性投影(variable importance in projection,VIP)分析各香气成分对不同白桃样品总体香气的贡献作用。结果表明:电子鼻雷达指纹图中W1W、W5S、W1S、W2W传感器对8 种白桃呈现不同的响应,结合主成分分析发现8 种白桃总体香气存在差异;进一步基于HS-SPME-GC-MS进行8 种白桃挥发性香气成分定性定量分析,BYT、LM5H、XCZD、QT、XDJB、YHM、YHSM、GSB样品分别检测到49、46、46、47、49、47、47、53 种挥发性化合物,主要包括醛类、醇类、内酯类和酯类物质等,通过ROAV≥1且VIP>1筛选出6 种关键香气化合物,分别是青草型的2-己烯醛、己醛、反式-2-己烯醛与反式-2-己烯-1-醇、花香型的芳樟醇和果香型的正己醇,它们的浓度高低造成8 种白桃关键香气的差异。

关键词: 白桃;香气成分;电子鼻;顶空固相微萃取-气相色谱-质谱联用仪

Abstract: In order to explore the differences in the aroma quality of different white-fleshed peach cultivars, an electronic nose and headspace solid-phase microextraction combined with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (HS-SPME-GC-MS) were used to analyze the volatile components of eight cultivars of white-fleshed peach including Baiyintao (BYT), Longmi 5 (LM5H), Xinchuanzhongdao (XCZD), Qiutong (QT), Xindajiubao (XDJB), Yihongmi (YHM), Yihongshuimi (YHSM) and Okayama (GSB). Relative odor activity value (ROAV) and variable importance in projection (VIP) were used to analyze the contribution of each volatile component to the overall aroma of white-fleshed peaches. In the electronic nose radar fingerprint, the W1W, W5S, W1S and W2W sensors showed different responses to the eight cultivars. Principal component analysis (PCA) demonstrated differences in the overall aroma of white-fleshed peach cultivars. In total, 49, 46, 46, 47, 49, 47, 47, 53 volatile compounds were identified in BYT, LM5H, XCZD, QT, XDJB, YHM, YHSM, and GSB by HS-SPME-GC-MS, respectively, the major ones being aldehydes, alcohols, lactones and esters. 2-Hexenal, hexanal, trans-2-hexenal and trans-2-hexen-1-ol, contributing to grass aroma; linalool, contributing to floral aroma; and n-hexanol, responsible for fruity aroma, were identified as key aroma compounds due to their ROAV ≥ 1 and VIP > 1. Variations in their concentrations caused differences in the key aroma of the eight white-fleshed peach cultivars.

Key words: white-fleshed peaches; aroma compounds; electronic nose; headspace solid-phase microextraction-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry

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