红阳猕猴桃多糖结构解析及对秀丽隐杆线虫抗衰老作用

doi:10.7506/spkx1002-6630-20251105-023

食品科学 ›› 2026, Vol. 47 ›› Issue (8): 95-103.doi: 10.7506/spkx1002-6630-20251105-023

红阳猕猴桃多糖结构解析及对秀丽隐杆线虫抗衰老作用

吴应梅，徐敏，刘爽，陈嘉俊，张林，伍莲莲，刘小凡，王天玉，唐华丽

（1.重庆三峡科技大学生物与食品工程学院，重庆 404120；2.重庆市渝东北特色生物资源开发利用工程技术研究中心，重庆 404120；3.茅台学院工商管理学院，贵州遵义 564507）

出版日期:2026-04-25 发布日期:2026-05-15
基金资助:
山东省科学技术厅鲁渝科技协作计划项目（2023LYXZ005）；重庆市基础研究与前沿探索项目（cstc2018jcyjAX0770）；重庆市自然科学基金面上项目（cstb2022nscq-MSX1661）

Structural Analysis of Actinidia chinensis cv. Hongyang Polysaccharides and Their Anti-aging Effect on Caenorhabditis elegans

WU Yingmei, XU Min, LIU Shuang, CHEN Jiajun, ZHANG Lin, WU Lianlian, LIU Xiaofan, WANG Tianyu, TANG Huali

(1. College of Biological and Food Engineering, Chongqing Three Gorges University of Science and Technology, Chongqing 404120, China; 2. Special Biological Resources Development and Utilization of Engineering Center of Northeast Chongqing, Chongqing 404120, China; 3. College of Business Administration, Maotai University, Zunyi 564507, China)

Online:2026-04-25 Published:2026-05-15

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为探究红阳猕猴桃多糖具体结构及其对秀丽隐杆线虫的抗氧化与抗衰老作用，采用超声辅助提取法提取红阳猕猴桃粗多糖（Actinidia chinensis cv. Hongyang polysaccharides，ACP），经DEAE-52纤维素柱初步纯化得到红阳猕猴桃多糖（ACP-3），再通过Sephadex G-100凝胶柱二次纯化，获得高纯度多糖组分红阳猕猴桃多糖（ACP-3-G），并结合高效液相色谱、高效凝胶渗透色谱和核磁共振对ACP-3-G分子结构进行解析。最后，以秀丽隐杆线虫（Caenorhabditis elegans）为模式生物，评价不同质量浓度ACP-3-G对线虫寿命、运动能力、抗热应激和抗氧化应激能力的影响，揭示其在抗衰老方面的潜在功能。结果显示，通过Sephadex G-100凝胶柱二次纯化的ACP-3-G得率为（73.42±1.74）%，且ACP-3-G组分中多糖和糖醛酸含量均高于ACP组分。同时，ACP-3-G是一种分子质量为120.6 kDa多糖聚合物，其单糖组成为甘露糖（0.367%）、鼠李糖（2.384%）、半乳糖醛酸（58.859%）、葡萄糖（4.501%）、半乳糖（23.942%）以及阿拉伯糖（9.307%）。核磁共振解析显示，该多糖主链主要由二取代糖残基→1)-α-Araf(5→、→1)-α-GalpA(4→、→1)-β-Galp(4→和三取代糖残基→1,3)-β-GalpA(4→、→1,4)-β-Galp(6→和→1,2)-α-GalpA(4→连接构成。在10、50、100、500、1 000 μg/mL ACP-3-G干预下，线虫寿命、运动能力、抗热应激和抗氧化应激能力与对照组相比均有显著提升，其中1 000 μg/mL ACP-3-G干预组的效果最为显著。综上，ACP-3-G是一种具有抗氧化与抗衰老作用的多糖类化合物。

关键词: 红阳猕猴桃；多糖；结构解析；秀丽隐杆线虫；抗衰老；抗氧化

Abstract: To investigate the structure of polysaccharides from Actinidia chinensis cv. Hongyang and their antioxidant and anti-aging effects on Caenorhabditis elegans, crude polysaccharides from A. chinensis cv. Hongyang (ACP) were prepared by ultrasound-assisted extraction. ACP were purified sequentially on DEAE-52 cellulose and Sephadex G-100 columns, yielding a homogenous polysaccharide (ACP-3-G). The molecular structure of ACP-3-G was characterized using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), high performance gel permeation chromatography (HPGPC), and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. Finally, the effects of different concentrations of ACP-3-G on the lifespan, motility, heat stress resistance, and oxidative stress resistance of C. elegans as a model organism were evaluated to its anti-aging potential. The results showed that the yield of ACP-3-G was (73.42 ± 1.74)%, with higher contents of polysaccharide and uronic acid than ACP. In addition, ACP-3-G was a polysaccharide with a molecular mass of 120.6 kDa. Its monosaccharide composition included mannose (0.367%), rhamnose (2.384%), galacturonic acid (58.859%), glucose (4.501%), galactose (23.942%), and arabinose (9.307%). NMR analysis indicated that the main chain of the polysaccharide was primarily composed of disubstituted sugar residues →1)-α-Araf-(5→, →1)-α-GalpA-(4→, →1)-β-Galp-(4→, and trisubstituted sugar residues →1,3)-β-GalpA-(4→, →1,4)-β-Galp-(6→, and →1,2)-α-GalpA-(4→. Furthermore, ACP-3-G intervention at concentrations of 10, 50, 100, 500, and 1 000 μg/mL significantly improved the lifespan, motility, heat stress resistance, and oxidative stress resistance of C. elegans compared with the control group, with the most pronounced effects observed at 1 000 μg/mL. In conclusion, ACP-3-G is a polysaccharide with antioxidant and anti-aging properties.

Key words: Actinidia chinensis cv. Hongyang; polysaccharides; structural analysis; Caenorhabditis elegans; anti-aging; antioxidant

中图分类号:

TS255.1

吴应梅，徐敏，刘爽，陈嘉俊，张林，伍莲莲，刘小凡，王天玉，唐华丽. 红阳猕猴桃多糖结构解析及对秀丽隐杆线虫抗衰老作用[J]. 食品科学, 2026, 47(8): 95-103.

WU Yingmei, XU Min, LIU Shuang, CHEN Jiajun, ZHANG Lin, WU Lianlian, LIU Xiaofan, WANG Tianyu, TANG Huali. Structural Analysis of Actinidia chinensis cv. Hongyang Polysaccharides and Their Anti-aging Effect on Caenorhabditis elegans[J]. FOOD SCIENCE, 2026, 47(8): 95-103.

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红阳猕猴桃多糖结构解析及对秀丽隐杆线虫抗衰老作用

Structural Analysis of Actinidia chinensis cv. Hongyang Polysaccharides and Their Anti-aging Effect on Caenorhabditis elegans

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