食品科学 ›› 2025, Vol. 46 ›› Issue (20): 242-249.doi: 10.7506/spkx1002-6630-20250226-141

• 成分分析 • 上一篇    下一篇

发酵前添加不同皮渣单宁组分替代二氧化硫对葡萄酒风味品质的影响

李其其,田一秀,杨赵朝阳,张瑞,张云伟,段亚茹,马雯   

  1. (1.宁夏大学葡萄酒与园艺学院,宁夏 银川 750021;2.宁夏贺兰山东麓葡萄酒产业技术创新中心有限公司,宁夏 银川 750004;3.宁夏葡萄与葡萄酒工程技术研究中心,宁夏 银川 750021;4.葡萄与葡萄酒教育部工程研究中心,宁夏 银川 750021)
  • 出版日期:2025-10-25 发布日期:2025-09-17
  • 基金资助:
    宁夏回族自治区重点研发计划项目(2023BCF01029);国家自然科学基金地区科学基金项目(32160577); 银川市西夏区科技计划项目(021904220003)

Effect of the Substitution of Sulfur Dioxide by Tannin Fractions from Wine Pomace before Alcoholic Fermentation on the Flavor Quality of Wine

LI Qiqi, TIAN Yixiu, YANG Zhaozhaoyang, ZHANG Rui, ZHANG Yunwei, DUAN Yaru, MA Wen   

  1. (1. School of Enology and Horticulture, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China; 2. Ningxia Helan Donglu Wine Industry Technology Innovation Center Co. Ltd., Yinchuan 750004, China; 3. Ningxia Grape and Wine Engineering Technology Research Center, Yinchuan 750021, China; 4. Engineering Research Center of Grape and Wine, Ministry of Education, Yinchuan 750021, China)
  • Online:2025-10-25 Published:2025-09-17

摘要: 为探究在发酵前添加4 种皮渣单宁组分替代SO2对葡萄酒品质及其风味成分的影响,选用赤霞珠葡萄酒皮渣为原料,对皮渣中单宁类化合物进行提取、纯化及组分分离,得到4 种组分葡萄酒皮渣单宁(葡萄皮高聚体单宁、葡萄皮低聚体单宁、葡萄籽高聚体单宁、葡萄籽低聚体单宁)。进而展开红葡萄酒酿造实验,乙醇发酵前分别设置4 种葡萄酒皮渣单宁添加组、SO2添加组及无添加组(对照组),并对6 组葡萄酒进行基本理化指标、CIELab空间参数、氧化还原电位、总单宁和总酚含量、挥发性成分测定及快速轮廓法感官分析。结果表明,4 种皮渣单宁添加组在葡萄酒CIELab颜色指标、总单宁含量、总酚含量及苦涩感官特征方面同SO2添加组无显著差异,说明发酵前皮渣单宁替代SO2处理不会影响葡萄酒颜色及口感风味质量的变化。此外,研究发现较SO2添加处理,4 种皮渣单宁分别替代SO2酿造处理均显著降低了葡萄酒中的3-甲硫基丙醇含量,也显著降低了酒中可感知的异味还原味;通过气相色谱-质谱技术分析发现,添加葡萄籽高聚体单宁的葡萄酒较其他组具有更高含量的醇、酯等挥发性成分;在降低氧化还原电位方面,添加葡萄籽高聚体单宁处理优于其他皮渣单宁组分添加处理,具有与添加SO2处理相同的能力。综上,葡萄酒发酵前皮渣单宁的添加可有效替代SO2,且葡萄籽高聚体单宁添加处理效果最佳。

关键词: 葡萄酒;皮渣单宁;二氧化硫;还原味;香气成分

Abstract: This study was undertaken in order to investigate the effect of adding four tannin fractions from wine pomace to replace sulfur dioxide (SO2) before fermentation on wine flavor quality. Cabernet Sauvignon wine pomace was selected as raw material for the extraction and purification of grape skin high-polymer tannin (HRSK), grape skin low-polymer tannin (LRSK), grape seed high-polymer tannin (HRSD), and grape seed low-polymer tannin (LRSD). Before alcoholic fermentation for red wine-making, the four tannin fractions and SO2 were separately added. Samples with nothing added served as control. The six wines were analyzed for basic physicochemical indexes, CIELab color parameters, redox potential, total tannin and total phenol contents, volatile components and sensory quality. The results showed that there was no significant difference between the four tannin and the SO2 groups in terms of color indexes, total tannin, total phenol contents, bitterness or astringency, which indicated that substitution of tannins for SO2 did not affect the changes in wine color, taste or flavor. In addition, it was found that compared with SO2, the four tannins significantly reduced the content of 3-methylthiopropanol in wine while significantly reducing the perceptible reduced off-flavor. Aroma analysis by gas chromatography-mass chromatography (GC-MS) revealed that the addition of HRSD resulted in higher contents of volatile constituents such as alcohols and esters compared with the other treatments, the effect being similar to that of SO2. In conclusion, wine pomace tannins can be used as an alternative to SO2 in wine-making, and the effect of HRSD is the most pronounced.

Key words: wine; pomace tannins; sulfur dioxide; reduced off-flavor; aroma components

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