食品科学 ›› 2025, Vol. 46 ›› Issue (4): 51-59.doi: 10.7506/spkx1002-6630-20240607-043

• 食品化学 • 上一篇    

酶-盐离子双向交联对大豆分离蛋白乳液凝胶特性及其负载VD3的影响

栾惠,窦少坤,宗爱珍,徐同成,李宝瑞   

  1. (1.山东省农业科学院农产品加工与营养研究所,山东省农产品精深加工技术重点实验室,农业农村部新食品资源加工重点实验室,山东省特殊医学用途配方食品工程技术研究中心,山东 济南 250100;2.山东农业大学食品科学与工程学院,山东 泰安 271018)
  • 发布日期:2025-02-07
  • 基金资助:
    “十四五”国家重点研发计划重点专项(2022YFF1100600);山东省现代农业产业技术体系(SDAIT-28-07)

Effect of Ca2+-Transglutaminase Crosslinking on Gel Characteristics and Vitamin D3-Loading Capacity of Soy Protein Isolate Emulsion

LUAN Hui, DOU Shaokun, ZONG Aizhen, XU Tongcheng, LI Baorui   

  1. (1. Key Laboratory of Agro-products Processing Technology of Shandong Province, Key Laboratory of Novel Food Resources Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shandong Engineering Research Center of Food for Special Medical Purpose, Institute of Food & Nutrition Science and Technology, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan 250100, China; 2. College of Food Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an 271018, China)
  • Published:2025-02-07

摘要: 研究转谷氨酰胺酶(transglutaminase,TG)与Ca2+双向交联对大豆分离蛋白(soy protein isolate,SPI)乳液凝胶质构、持水性、流变性等凝胶特性以及VD3负载功能特性的影响。结果表明,随着SPI质量分数(4%~12%)、Ca2+浓度(0~30 mmol/L)、TG添加量(0~90 U)的增加,SPI乳液凝胶的硬度、弹性、持水性以及流变特性均呈现先增高后降低或趋于平缓的趋势,且当添加10% SPI、10 mmol/L Ca2+以及30 U TG时,SPI乳液凝胶特性最佳;激光共聚焦扫描显微镜分析显示,TG-Ca2+双向交联制备的乳液凝胶表现出更致密的微观结构和更均匀的乳化油滴;体外模拟消化实验表明,与未包埋、中链甘油三酯包埋和SPI乳液包埋相比,包埋VD3的SPI乳液凝胶降低了游离脂肪酸的释放率,提高了VD3的生物可及性。本研究结果为制备易食性蛋白补充剂以及增强疏水性活性物质在功能性食品中的应用提供了理论依据。

关键词: 乳液凝胶;大豆分离蛋白;Ca2+;转谷氨酰胺酶;VD3

Abstract: In this study, the effect of transglutaminase (TGase)-Ca2+ crosslinking on the texture, water-holding capacity (WHC), rheological properties, and vitamin D3 (VD3)-loading capacity of soy protein isolate (SPI) emulsion gels was investigated. The results showed that with increasing SPI concentration (4%–12%), Ca2+ concentration (0–30 mmol/L) and TGase dosage (0–90 U), the hardness, elasticity, WHC and rheological properties of SPI emulsion gels first increased and then decreased or leveled off. Upon the addition of 10% SPI, 10 mmol/L Ca2+ and 30 U of TGase, the best gel characteristics were obtained. The emulsion gel prepared by TGase-Ca2+ crosslinking showed a denser microstructure and more uniform oil droplet distribution as observed by confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM). The results of in vitro simulated digestion showed that compared with free VD3, its mixture with medium chain triglycerides (MCT), and SPI emulsion-encapsulated VD3, SPI emulsion gel-encapsulated VD3 showed reduced release rate of free fatty acids (FFAs) and increased bioaccessibility of VD3. The results of this study provide a theoretical basis for the preparation of protein supplements and the application of hydrophobicity-enhancing substances in functional foods.

Key words: emulsion gels; soy protein isolate; Ca2+; transglutaminase; vitamin D3

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