食品科学 ›› 2026, Vol. 47 ›› Issue (19): 143-154.doi: 10.7506/spkx1002-6630-20260215-119

• 生物工程 • 上一篇    

高温大曲堆置发酵阶段微生物群落、理化和风味品质的时间异质性

廖霞,朱建猛,蒋明,黄雪莲,阙安康,杨道伟,闫岩,杨云霞,方文英,邱树毅,李豆南   

  1. (1.贵州大学酿酒与食品工程学院,贵州 贵阳 550025;2.贵州大学 贵州省生态特色食品新质化加工与贮藏全省重点实验室,贵州 贵阳 550025;3.贵州大学,贵州省酱香型白酒技术创新中心,贵州 贵阳 550025;4.贵州贵酒集团有限公司科学技术研究院,贵州 贵阳 550200)
  • 发布日期:2026-10-22
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金地区科学基金项目(32260581);贵州省科技计划项目([2023]088);贵州贵酒集团有限公司与贵州大学合作项目(GJ-GD 202301);国家自然科学基金地区科学基金项目(32260580);贵州省生态特色食品新质化加工与贮藏全省重点实验室项目(黔科合平台ZSYS[2025]023);贵州省酱香型白酒技术创新中心项目(黔科合平台JSZX[2025]002)

Temporal Heterogeneity of Microbial Communities, Physicochemical Properties, and Flavor Quality during the Stacking Fermentation of High-Temperature Daqu

LIAO Xia, ZHU Jianmeng, JIANG Ming, HUANG Xuelian, QUE Ankang, YANG Daowei, YAN Yan, YANG Yunxia, FANG Wenying, QIU Shuyi, LI Dounan   

  1. (1. College of Liquor and Food Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China; 2. Guizhou Key Laboratory of New Quality Processing and Storage of Ecological Specialty Food, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China; 3. Guizhou Provincial Technology Innovation Center for Jiangxiang Baijiu, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China; 4. Institute of Science and Technology, Guizhou Guijiu Group Co., Ltd., Guiyang 550200, China)
  • Published:2026-10-22

摘要: 本研究以一翻、二翻和出仓3 个不同发酵阶段的高温大曲为对象,基于多组学手段揭示了不同发酵阶段高温大曲在菌群分布、理化性质与风味特征上均存在时间异质性。在鉴定出46 种微生物标志物和18 种显著差异风味组分的基础上,揭示了吡嗪类化合物是影响大曲风味特征形成的重要组分。多维度数据关联性分析表明,以克罗彭斯特菌属(Kroppenstedtia)为代表的典型微生物标志物演替有效推动了发酵中后期大曲中吡嗪类化合物的富集,并有助于堆置发酵阶段高温大曲风味品质的形成。本研究结果可为今后高温大曲生产稳定性的提升提供理论参考。

关键词: 高温大曲;堆置发酵;微生物群;风味代谢;吡嗪类化合物;时间异质性

Abstract: This study investigated high-temperature Daqu (HTD) sampled at three key fermentation stages: first turning, second turning, and discharging. Multi-omics analysis revealed that HTD at distinct stacking fermentation stages exhibited obvious temporal heterogeneity in microbial community distribution, physicochemical properties, and flavor characteristics. In total, 46 microbial biomarkers and 18 significantly differential flavor components were identified. Furthermore, this study demonstrated that pyrazines were important components affecting the formation of the flavor characteristics of Daqu. Multidimensional data correlation analysis showed that the succession of typical biomarkers represented by Kroppenstedtia effectively drove the enrichment of pyrazines in Daqu during the middle and late fermentation stages and contributed to the formation of the flavor quality of HTD throughout the stacking fermentation process. The findings of this study provide a theoretical reference for improving the production stability of HTD.

Key words: high-temperature Daqu; stacking fermentation; microbial community; flavor metabolism; pyrazines; temporal heterogeneity

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