关键词: 扇贝, 脂肪酸, 超声萃取, 气相色谱

Abstract: An analytical method for the simultaneous determination of 30 fatty acids (including saturated and unsaturated fatty acids) in scallop was developed. Samples were lyophilized, extracted under ultrasonic assistance, and methyl esterified with sulfuric acid and methanol before GC analysis. The fatty acids in scallop were quantified by internal standard method. The optimal conditions for fatty acid extraction from scallop samples, as determined using orthogonal array design, were a mixture of methanol and dichloromethane (1:3, V/V) as the extraction solvent at a material-to-liquid ratio of 1:140 (mg/mL) and three replicate extractions for 15 min each time. Both extraction number and material-to-liquid ratio had a significant effect on fatty acid extraction (P＜ 0.05). A good linear relationship was found for all 30 fatty acids in the concentration range of 5.0－80.0 μg/mL with a correlation coefficient exceeding 0.999. The average recovery rates of 30 fatty acids at low and high spike levels were 1.3%－3.5% and 0.9%－3.1%, respectively (n = 5). The detection limits of the method varied in the range of 1.94－2.57 mg/kg (RSN = 3). This method was simple, rapid, sensitive and accurate and could meet the requirements for the determination of fatty acids in scallop and similar organisms.

Key words: scallop, fatty acids, ultrasonic extraction, gas chromatography