食品科学 ›› 2022, Vol. 43 ›› Issue (19): 71-79.doi: 10.7506/spkx1002-6630-20210720-226

• 食品工程 • 上一篇    下一篇

水热参数组合对大豆蛋白-鱼糜共混高水分挤压过程及产品品质的影响

张玉洁,张金闯,陈琼玲,刘浩栋,何宁,王强   

  1. (1.厦门大学化学化工学院,福建 厦门 361005;2.中国农业科学院农产品加工研究所,农业农村部农产品加工综合性重点实验室,北京 100193)
  • 出版日期:2022-10-15 发布日期:2022-10-26
  • 基金资助:
    “十三五”国家重点研发计划项目(2021YFC2101402);中国农业科学院科技创新工程项目(CAAS-ASTIP-2020-IFST)

Effect of Hydrothermal Parameter Combination on the High-Moisture Extrusion Process and the Product Quality of Soy Protein-Surimi Blends

ZHANG Yujie, ZHANG Jinchuang, CHEN Qiongling, LIU Haodong, HE Ning, WANG Qiang   

  1. (1. College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China; 2. Key Laboratory of Agro-products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agriculture Sciences, Beijing 100193, China)
  • Online:2022-10-15 Published:2022-10-26

摘要: 高水分挤压技术是制备具有类似动物肉纤维结构和质地的新型植物基肉制品的前沿热点技术。本实验以大豆分离蛋白(soy protein isolate,SPI)和金线鱼鱼糜为原料(80∶20,m/m),探究水热参数组合(物料水分质量分数65%、70%、75%,挤压温度125、135、145 ℃)对高水分挤压过程中单位机械能耗(specific mechanical energy,SME)和模口压力的影响,以及对挤出物品质的调控作用。结果表明:在实验所用水热参数组合条件下,高水分挤压过程中,鱼糜凝胶以颗粒形式填充在混合凝胶中,并会影响带有取向性的凝胶结构形成。物料水分质量分数增加的同时提高挤压温度会导致高水分挤压过程中的SME从783.40 kJ/kg显著降低到410.96 kJ/kg(P<0.05),模口压力从7.79 MPa显著降低到1.60 MPa(P<0.05)。水热参数组合作用显著影响SPI-鱼糜混合挤出物的品质,与挤压温度相比,物料水分质量分数影响效果更为显著,当物料水分质量分数为70%、挤压温度为145 ℃时,挤出物组织化程度达到最大(2.36)。多项式拟合结果表明,水热参数组合条件下,高水分挤压过程中的SME和模口压力与SPI-鱼糜混合挤出物硬度、咀嚼度、凝胶强度、持水性和剪切力具有非线性相关关系。本研究可为实现植物蛋白和动物蛋白优势互补、开发动植物蛋白结合的替代蛋白类新产品提供参考和借鉴。

关键词: 高水分挤压;水热参数组合;大豆蛋白;鱼糜;品质

Abstract: High-moisture extrusion is a hot frontier technology for developing novel plant-based meat analogues with meat-like texture. In this study, a soy protein isolate (SPI)-Nemipterus virgatus surimi blend at a ratio of 80:20 (m/m) was used to investigate the effect of hydrothermal parameter combinations (moisture content 65%, 70% and 75%; extrusion temperature 125, 135 and 145 ℃) on the specific mechanical energy (SME) and die pressure during the high-moisture extrusion process and the quality of extrudates. Results showed that under the conditions used in this study, the surimi gel was filled as particles in the SPI-surimi mixed gel structure, which could affect the formation of the oriented gel structure. Simultaneously increasing extrusion temperature and moisture content decreased SME from 783.40 to 410.96 kJ/kg and die pressure from 7.79 to 1.60 MPa (P < 0.05). The quality of SPI-surimi mixed extrudates was affected markedly by hydrothermal parameter combinations and the effect of moisture content was more significant than that of extrusion temperature. At a moisture content of 70% and an extrusion temperature of 145 ℃, the fiber-like structure of SPI-surimi mixed extrudates reached its maximum (2.36). Under the hydrothermal parameter combination, the SME and die pressure were nonlinearly correlated with the hardness, chewiness, gel strength, water-holding capacity and shear force of SPI-surimi mixed extrudates. This study provides a reference for the development of novel alternative protein products combining animal and plant proteins which can complement each other with their advantages.

Key words: high-moisture extrusion; hydrothermal parameter combination; soybean protein; surimi; quality

中图分类号: