中国母亲母乳氨基酸模式的构建

doi:10.7506/spkx1002-6630-20220114-136

食品科学 ›› 2022, Vol. 43 ›› Issue (23): 1-9.doi: 10.7506/spkx1002-6630-20220114-136

• 基础研究 • 下一篇

中国母亲母乳氨基酸模式的构建

任乐乐，逄金柱，米丽娟，李依璇，郑丽敏

（1.中国农业大学信息与电气工程学院，北京 100083；2.内蒙古蒙牛乳业（集团）股份有限公司，北京 101107；3.中国农业大学营养与健康研究院，教育部北京市共建功能乳品重点实验室，北京 100083）

出版日期:2022-12-15 发布日期:2022-12-28
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金重点项目（32130081）；呼和浩特市重大科技专项（（呼）2020-高-重-1）

Construction of Amino Acid Pattern of Chinese Human Milk

REN Lele, PANG Jinzhu, MI Lijuan, LI Yixuan, ZHENG Limin

(1. College of Information and Electrical Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; 2. Inner Mongolia Mengniu Diary (Group) Co., Ltd., Beijing 101107, China; 3. Key Laboratory of Functional Dairy, Co-constructed by Ministry of Education and Beijing Government, Institute of Nutrition and Health, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China)

Online:2022-12-15 Published:2022-12-28

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 母乳被认为是婴幼儿最佳的食物来源，母乳化是配制婴幼儿配方乳粉的基本准则。然而母乳的成分极为精细和复杂，全面了解母乳成分非常重要。氨基酸是母乳中重要的营养成分，其含量受到多种因素的影响，包括泌乳阶段（初乳、过渡乳、早期成熟乳、晚期成熟乳）、地区（南方、北方）以及产次等。本研究评估不同影响因素对中国母亲母乳氨基酸组成模式的影响，并提出不同泌乳阶段中国母乳氨基酸模式及针对不同地域和季节早期成熟乳和晚期成熟乳的氨基酸模式。本研究在我国8 个城市共采集了1 640 份母乳样本，对地域、产次、分娩季节、出生情况、分娩方式5 个因素在不同泌乳期中各氨基酸含量的变化进行分析。采用欧氏距离计算各泌乳时期的氨基酸相似度，找到最小距离和最大距离的氨基酸模式，通过欧氏距离筛选母乳样本，确定不同泌乳阶段推荐母乳氨基酸模式。结果表明，地域、分娩季节明显影响早期成熟乳与晚期成熟乳氨基酸模式，产次、出生情况、分娩方式的影响需要综合多因素分析，通过变异系数结果验证了中国母乳氨基酸模式，并提出不同地域与季节氨基酸母乳模式的差异性。本研究为婴幼儿配方乳粉母乳化研究及母乳营养学研究提供参考，并为婴幼儿配方乳粉改良和优化提供新思路。

关键词: 母乳；氨基酸模式；泌乳期；相似度分析；蛋白质

Abstract: Breast milk is considered as the best food for infants and young children, and humanization is the basic principle for formulating infant formula. However, the composition of breast milk is extremely complex, so it is important to fully understand it. Amino acids are important nutrients in breast milk, and their contents are affected by many factors, including lactation stage (colostrum, transitional milk, early mature milk, and late mature milk), region (south and north) and parity. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of different factors on the amino acid composition of Chinese human milk, and propose amino acid patterns of Chinese human milk in different lactation stages and amino acid patterns of early and late mature milk from different regions and seasons. A total of 1 640 breast milk samples were collected from eight cities in China to analyze the changes of amino acid contents in different lactation periods with five factors including region, parity, delivery season, birth situation and delivery mode. The Euclidean distance was used to calculate the similarity in amino acid composition among lactation periods and find the amino acid patterns with the minimum distance and the maximum distance. The breast milk samples were screened by the European distance to determine the recommended amino acid pattern for breast milk in different lactation periods. The results showed that region and delivery season had significant effects on the amino acid patterns of early and late mature milk. Multi-factor analysis would be needed to analyze the effects of delivery frequency, birth condition and delivery mode. The validity of the amino acid pattern of Chinese breast milk was verified by the coefficient of variation method, and the differences in the amino acid pattern in breast milk from different regions and seasons were proposed. The results of this study provide a reference for future research on the humanization of infant formula and nutritional research of breast milk and offer new ideas for the improvement and optimization of infant formula.

Key words: breast milk; amino acid pattern; lactation period; similarity analysis; protein

中图分类号:

TS252.1

任乐乐，逄金柱，米丽娟，李依璇，郑丽敏. 中国母亲母乳氨基酸模式的构建[J]. 食品科学, 2022, 43(23): 1-9.

REN Lele, PANG Jinzhu, MI Lijuan, LI Yixuan, ZHENG Limin. Construction of Amino Acid Pattern of Chinese Human Milk[J]. FOOD SCIENCE, 2022, 43(23): 1-9.

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中国母亲母乳氨基酸模式的构建

Construction of Amino Acid Pattern of Chinese Human Milk

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