食品科学 ›› 2023, Vol. 44 ›› Issue (8): 170-175.doi: 10.7506/spkx1002-6630-20220615-152

• 成分分析 • 上一篇    下一篇

利用1H NMR分析小龙虾的特征性滋味组成

姚静玉, 刘洁, 柏雪莹, 莫雪莹, 陈德慰   

  1. (广西大学轻工与食品工程学院,广西 南宁 530004)
  • 出版日期:2023-04-25 发布日期:2023-05-06
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金地区科学基金项目(31960513;31660448)

Determination of Characteristic Taste Compounds of Crayfish by 1H Nuclear Magnetic Resonance

YAO Jingyu, LIU Jie, BAI Xueying, MO Xueying, CHEN Dewei   

  1. (College of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China)
  • Online:2023-04-25 Published:2023-05-06

摘要: 为深入研究小龙虾的非挥发性滋味活性物质,利用1H核磁共振(nuclear magnetic resonance,NMR)对小龙虾中游离氨基酸、核苷酸、有机酸、可溶性糖和生物碱等滋味成分进行定性定量分析,并采用味道强度值(taste activity value,TAV)分析其味觉活性成分,以及通过味精当量(equivalent umami concentration,EUC)评价鲜味。结果表明,使用1H NMR共检测到小龙虾中33 种滋味化合物,其中精氨酸、组氨酸、谷氨酸、丙氨酸、赖氨酸、甘氨酸、5’-单磷酸腺苷二钠、5’-单磷酸肌苷二钠、琥珀酸和乳酸的TAV大于1,它们对小龙虾的滋味有重要影响。EUC值以谷氨酸钠质量计,发现小龙虾样品的EUC值为9.1 g/100 g,说明小龙虾具有非常强烈的鲜味。

关键词: 小龙虾;1H核磁共振;滋味成分;鲜味

Abstract: In order to investigate the nonvolatile taste-active components in crayfish, free amino acids, nucleotides, organic acids, soluble sugars and alkaloids in cooked crayfish muscle were qualitatively and quantitatively analyzed by 1H nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR). Their taste activity values (TAVs) and equivalent umami concentration (EUC) were calculated to evaluate the key taste-active compounds and umami attributes, respectively. The results suggested that a total of 33 taste-active compounds were detected, among which arginine, histidine, glutamic acid, alanine, lysine, glycine, adenosine 5’-monophosphate (AMP), inosine 5’-mononucleotide (IMP), succinic acid and lactic acid were the key taste-active compounds with TAVs greater than 1.0, and they played an important role in the taste of crayfish. The EUC of crayfish was 9.1 g monosodium glutamate (MSG)/100 g, indicating very intense umami taste.

Key words: crayfish; 1H nuclear magnetic resonance; taste-active compounds; umami

中图分类号: