食品科学 ›› 2023, Vol. 44 ›› Issue (12): 95-101.doi: 10.7506/spkx1002-6630-20221102-019

• 食品化学 • 上一篇    下一篇

基于铜藻岩藻聚糖硫酸酯的负载岩藻黄质纳米粒子制备与分析

刘雪，鞠文明，徐静沂，张绵松，崔婷婷，都红芳，徐振鲁，刘昌衡，贾爱荣   

  1. （1.齐鲁工业大学（山东省科学院），山东省科学院生物研究所，山东 济南 250103；2.好当家集团有限公司，山东省海洋功能食品技术创新中心，山东 威海 264305；3.齐鲁工业大学（山东省科学院），基辅学院，山东 济南 250353；4.威海人生药业集团股份有限公司，山东 威海 264200）
  • 出版日期:2023-06-25 发布日期:2023-06-30
  • 基金资助:
    齐鲁工业大学（山东省科学院）科教产融合试点工程基础研究类项目（2022PX096）； 齐鲁工业大学（山东省科学院）-威海市产学研协同创新基金项目（2022KC04）； 山东省重点研发计划（重大科技创新工程）项目（2021TZXD008）； 科教产融合试点工程重大创新专项（2022JBZ01-06）；山东省自然科学基金青年基金项目（ZR2022QC085）

Preparation and Analysis of Fucoxanthin-Loaded Nanoparticles Based on Fucoidan from Sargassum horneri

LIU Xue, JU Wenming, XU Jingyi, ZHANG Miansong, CUI Tingting, DU Hongfang, XU Zhenlu, LIU Changheng, JIA Airong   

  1. (1. Biology Institute, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250103, China; 2. Shandong Marine Functional Food Technology Innovation Center, Homey Group International Inc., Weihai 264305, China; 3. KYIV College, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250353, China; 4. Weihai Rensheng Pharmaceutical Group Co. Ltd., Weihai 264200, China)
  • Online:2023-06-25 Published:2023-06-30

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摘要： 为防止岩藻黄质进入肠道前在胃中分解，以岩藻聚糖硫酸酯和壳聚糖为原料，构建pH值敏感性纳米载体，用于运载岩藻黄质，以实现岩藻黄质在胃肠道环境中的高效递送。本实验从铜藻中提取岩藻黄质、岩藻聚糖硫酸酯，采用高效液相色谱法测定岩藻黄质纯度，采用高效凝胶渗透色谱法、化学法、高效液相色谱法测定岩藻聚糖硫酸酯的分子质量、理化性质、单糖组成。以岩藻聚糖硫酸酯和壳聚糖为原料，采用聚电解质自组装法按照岩藻聚糖硫酸酯-壳聚糖质量比0.6∶1、0.8∶1、1∶1制备负载岩藻黄质的纳米粒子。测定纳米粒子红外光谱评价岩藻聚糖硫酸酯和壳聚糖的结合状态；测定负载岩藻黄质纳米粒子的理化性质及在模拟胃、肠液中粒径、岩藻聚糖硫酸酯复合率、岩藻黄质负载率的变化，评价其在胃肠道中的稳定性，获得在模拟胃环境中稳定、模拟肠环境中裂解且可实现岩藻黄质高效递送的纳米粒子。结果表明，铜藻岩藻黄质的纯度为13.57%；岩藻聚糖硫酸酯的分子质量为342 kDa，总糖质量分数为52.45%，蛋白质量分数为7.96%，糖醛酸质量分数为9.25%，硫酸基质量分数为19.26%；由岩藻糖、半乳糖、甘露糖、葡萄糖醛酸和木糖5 种单糖组成，其中岩藻糖和半乳糖的含量最高。红外光谱显示，纳米粒子中岩藻聚糖硫酸酯和壳聚糖存在非共价相互作用，结合状态良好。负载岩藻黄质纳米粒子的粒径为360～430 nm，Zeta电位为26～31 mV，多分散指数为0.23～0.27，表明纳米乳液均匀稳定；岩藻聚糖硫酸酯复合率为87%～90%，岩藻黄质的负载率为87%～91%，表明纳米粒子对岩藻黄质的包裹效果较好。体外模拟消化实验结果显示，随着时间的延长，3 种比例的纳米粒子在模拟胃液中粒径、岩藻聚糖硫酸酯复合率、岩藻黄质负载率变化不大，表明纳米粒子在模拟胃环境中稳定性较高；在模拟肠液中，粒径显著增大，岩藻聚糖硫酸酯复合率、岩藻黄质负载率显著降低，表明纳米粒子在模拟肠环境中发生膨胀、解聚。纳米粒子在模拟胃环境中稳定，在模拟肠环境中裂解，实现了岩藻黄质在胃肠道中的高效递送，岩藻聚糖硫酸酯-壳聚糖质量比为1∶1时，效果最佳。

关键词: 铜藻；岩藻聚糖硫酸酯；岩藻黄质；纳米粒子

Abstract: In order to prevent fucoxanthin degradation in the stomach before entering the intestine, pH-sensitive nanoparticles based on fucoidan and chitosan were constructed for the efficient delivery of fucoxanthin in the gastrointestinal environment. In this study, fucoxanthin and a fucoidan fraction were extracted from Sargassum horneri. High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was used to determine the purity of fucoxanthin. High performance gel permeation chromatography (HPGPC), chemical methods and HPLC were used to determine the molecular mass, physicochemical characteristics and monosaccharide composition of the fucoidan fraction. Fucoxanthin-loaded nanoparticles with different fucoidan/chitosan mass ratios of 0.6:1, 0.8:1 and 1:1 were prepared by polyelectrolyte self-assembly. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy was used to evaluate the interaction between fucoidan and chitosan, and the physicochemical characteristics of fucoxanthin-loaded nanoparticles and the changes in its size, fucoidan-loading rate, and fucoxanthin-loading rate during simulated gastrointestinal digestion were determined to evaluate the stability of the nanoparticles in the gastrointestinal tract. Results indicated that the purity of fucoxanthin from S. horneri was 13.57%. The average molecular mass of the fucoidan was 342 kDa. The contents of total sugar, protein, uronic acid and sulfate group in it were 52.45%, 7.96%, 9.25% and 19.26%, respectively. Moreover, the fucoidan was composed of fucose, galactose, mannose, glucuronic acid and xylose, among which fucose and galactose were the most abundant monosaccharides. FTIR spectra showed non-covalent interactions between fucoidan and chitosan in the nanoparticles and good binding state between them. The particle size of fucoxanthin-loaded nanoparticles was 360–430 nm, the zeta potential was 26–31 mV, and the polydispersity index (PDI) was 0.23–0.27, indicating that the nanoemulsion was uniform and stable. The fucoidan-loading rate was 87%–90%, and the fucoxanthin-loading rate was 87%–91%, indicating that fucoxanthin was well encapsulated in the nanoparticles. In vitro simulated digestion experiments showed that the particle size, fucoidan-loading rate and fucoxanthin-loading rate of the nanoparticles in simulated gastric juice did not change significantly, indicating that the nanoparticles were stable in simulated gastric environment. In simulated intestinal fluid, the particle size increased significantly, and the fucoidan-loading rate as well as fucoxanthin-loading rate decreased significantly, indicating the expansion and depolymerization of the nanoparticles in simulated intestinal environment. As a result, efficient delivery of fucoxanthin in simulated gastrointestinal tract was accomplished. At the fucoidan/chitosan mass ratio of 1:1, the effect was most obvious.

Key words: Sargassum horneri; fucoidan; fucoxanthin; nanoparticles

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