食品科学 ›› 2025, Vol. 46 ›› Issue (16): 304-286.doi: 10.7506/spkx1002-6630-20250226-147

• 食品工程 • 上一篇    

微波和超声预处理瓜蒌子分离蛋白结构与理化特性的影响

磨小蝶,包含笑,何致霖,侯佳作,李华,王玉辉,张飞翔,李璐,杜冰,黎 攀   

  1. (1.华南农业大学食品学院,广东?广州 510642;2.安徽有余跨越食品开发股份有限公司,安徽?安庆 246300)
  • 发布日期:2025-07-22
  • 基金资助:
    安徽省重点研究与开发计划项目(2023n06020037); 财政部和农业农村部:国家现代农业产业技术体系资助项目(CARS-21)

Effects of Microwave and Ultrasonic Pretreatments on the Structural and Physicochemical Properties of Trichosanthes kirilowii Maxim. Seed Protein Isolates

MO Xiaodie, BAO Hanxiao, HE Zhilin, HOU Jiazuo, LI Hua, WANG Yuhui, ZHANG Feixiang, LI Lu, DU Bing, LI Pan   

  1. (1. College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China;2. Anhui Youyu Kuayue Food Development Co., Ltd., Anqing 246300, China)
  • Published:2025-07-22

摘要: 本研究通过微波(microwave,MIC)预处理和超声水浴(ultrasonic water bath,USWB)预处理对瓜蒌子分离蛋白(Trichosanthes kirilowii Maxim. seed protein isolates,TPI)进行辅助提取,并探讨这两种预处理方法对TPI结构特征、理化特性以及热特性的影响。结果表明,在色差方面,经过MIC和USWB处理得到的TPI总色差(ΔE)分别为18.82和25.61;同时,与MIC-TPI相比,USWB-TPI的微观结构更加细小、粗糙;二级结构中β-折叠相对含量(5.2%)减少,分子结构松散无序;此外,其还具有更高的表面疏水性和更佳的乳化稳定性(19.88 min)、泡沫稳定性(70.83%)和热特性(变性温度为81.05 ℃)。综上,USWB对TPI的结构和理化性质的影响大于MIC。本研究结果可为TPI提取提供一定的指导,有助于促进TPI在食品领域中的应用。

关键词: 微波;超声波;瓜蒌子分离蛋白;结构特征;理化特性

Abstract: This study investigated the effects of microwave-assisted (MIC) and ultrasonic-assisted water bath (USWB) pretreatments on the extraction, structural characteristics, physicochemical properties, and thermal stability of Trichosanthes kirilowii Maxim. seed protein isolates (TPI). Results showed that the color difference (ΔE) values of MIC- and USWB-treated TPI were 18.82 and 25.61, respectively. Compared with MIC-TPI, USWB-TPI exhibited a finer and rougher microstructure, a reduced proportion of β-sheet (5.2%), and a looser, more disordered molecular structure. Additionally, USWB-TPI demonstrated higher surface hydrophobicity, superior emulsion stability (19.88 min), enhanced foam stability (70.83%), and improved thermal stability (denaturation temperature (Td) = 81.05 ℃). Overall, USWB exerted a more pronounced influence on the structural and physicochemical properties of TPI than did MIC. These findings provide valuable guidance for TPI extraction and promote its application in the food industry.

Key words: microwave; ultrasound; Trichosanthes kirilowii Maxim. seed protein isolates; structural characteristics; physicochemical properties

中图分类号: