基于斑马鱼模型及分子对接技术探究桑葚水提物的降尿酸作用及活性成分

doi:10.7506/spkx1002-6630-20250409-071

食品科学 ›› 2025, Vol. 46 ›› Issue (20): 180-187.doi: 10.7506/spkx1002-6630-20250409-071

基于斑马鱼模型及分子对接技术探究桑葚水提物的降尿酸作用及活性成分

方北城，陆璐，王一凡，赵敏洁，冯凤琴，王晶

（1.浙江大学宁波国际科创中心，浙江宁波 315100；2.浙江大学生物系统工程与食品科学学院，浙江杭州 310058；3.宁波大学食品科学与工程学院，浙江宁波 315012；4.浙大宁波理工学院生物与化学工程学院，浙江宁波 315100；5.广东青云山药业有限公司，广东韶关 512600）

出版日期:2025-10-25 发布日期:2025-09-17
基金资助:
“十四五”国家重点研发计划重点专项（2023YFF1104003）；浙江省博士后科研择优资助项目（ZJ2023112）；中国博士后科学基金项目（2024M761530）

Investigation of the Hypouricemic Effects and Active Constituents of Mulberry Fruit Aqueous Extract Using Zebrafish as an Animal Model and Molecular Docking

FANG Beicheng, LU Lu, WANG Yifan, ZHAO Minjie, FENG Fengqin, WANG Jing

(1. Ningbo Global Innovation Center, Zhejiang University, Ningbo 315100, China; 2. College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; 3. College of Food Science and Engineering, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315012, China; 4. School of Biological and Chemical Engineering, NingboTech University, Ningbo 315100, China; 5. Guangdong Qingyunshan Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Shaoguan 512600)

Online:2025-10-25 Published:2025-09-17

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为探究桑葚（Fructus mori）提取物的降尿酸活性及其主要生物活性成分的降尿酸机制，本研究建立以氧嗪酸钾（200 μmol/L）和黄嘌呤钠盐（10 μmol/L）联合诱导的急性高尿酸血症斑马鱼模型，并进行不同剂量桑葚水提物（2.5、5、10 mg/L）干预后，对斑马鱼的尿酸含量、黄嘌呤氧化酶（xanthine oxidase，XOD）及腺苷脱氨酶（adenosine deaminase，ADA）活性进行了测定。结果显示，桑葚水提物可通过抑制斑马鱼体内的XOD活性发挥降尿酸作用。通过高效液相色谱-质谱联用技术对桑葚水提物中的活性成分进行了分析，并使用AutoDock Vina平台以XOD为配体进行了分子对接筛选。通过对接活化能的筛选，确定了6 种具有显著XOD抑制活性的成分，并对其进行体外XOD抑制活性验证，结果表明这6 种成分的XOD抑制能力由强到弱依次是槲皮素、桑色素、黄芪甲苷、七叶内酯、咖啡酸以及原儿茶酸。综上所述，桑葚水提物具有明显降尿酸效果，其作用机制可能与其中的活性化合物（槲皮素、桑色素、黄芪甲苷、七叶内酯、咖啡酸及原儿茶酸）抑制XOD活性相关。

关键词: 桑葚；黄嘌呤氧化酶；降尿酸；分子对接；斑马鱼

Abstract: Our aim was to examine the uric acid-lowering potential of mulberry (Fructus mori) aqueous extract and its key bioactive constituents. A zebrafish model of acute hyperuricemia was induced by combined treatment with potassium oxonate (200 μmol/L) and sodium xanthine (10 μmol/L). After intervention with mulberry aqueous extract at varying concentrations (2.5, 5, and 10 mg/L), uric acid levels, xanthine oxidase (XOD) activity, and adenosine deaminase (ADA) activity were quantified in zebrafish. The findings demonstrated that mulberry aqueous extract significantly lowered uric acid levels by suppressing XOD activity. Further analysis of bioactive components in the extract was performed using high-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS), followed by molecular docking with AutoDock Vina, targeting XOD as the ligand. Based on docking activation energies, six compounds with notable XOD inhibitory activity were identified and their in vitro XOD inhibitory activity was ranked in the decreasing order of quercetin, mulberrin, astragalin, escin, caffeic acid, and protocatechuic acid. In summary, mulberry aqueous extract exhibits a pronounced uric acid-lowering effect, likely mediated by the XOD inhibitory activity of its bioactive compounds (quercetin, mulberrin, astragalin, escin, caffeic acid, and protocatechuic acid).

Key words: mulberry; xanthine oxidase; uric acid-lowering; molecular docking; zebrafish

中图分类号:

方北城，陆璐，王一凡，赵敏洁，冯凤琴，王晶. 基于斑马鱼模型及分子对接技术探究桑葚水提物的降尿酸作用及活性成分[J]. 食品科学, 2025, 46(20): 180-187.

FANG Beicheng, LU Lu, WANG Yifan, ZHAO Minjie, FENG Fengqin, WANG Jing. Investigation of the Hypouricemic Effects and Active Constituents of Mulberry Fruit Aqueous Extract Using Zebrafish as an Animal Model and Molecular Docking[J]. FOOD SCIENCE, 2025, 46(20): 180-187.

基于斑马鱼模型及分子对接技术探究桑葚水提物的降尿酸作用及活性成分

Investigation of the Hypouricemic Effects and Active Constituents of Mulberry Fruit Aqueous Extract Using Zebrafish as an Animal Model and Molecular Docking

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