外源褪黑素对桑椹采后贮藏效果的综合评价

doi:10.7506/spkx1002-6630-20260512-089

食品科学 ›› 2026, Vol. 47 ›› Issue (18): 251-262.doi: 10.7506/spkx1002-6630-20260512-089

• 包装贮运 • 上一篇

外源褪黑素对桑椹采后贮藏效果的综合评价

赵东晓，王照红，唐文倩，董亚茹，耿兵，孙景诗，任玉洁，郭光，朱红，施新琴*

（山东省蚕业研究所，功能作物种质创新与栽培利用山东省工程研究中心，烟台市蚕桑功能物质评价与利用重点实验室，植物干细胞定向育种烟台市工程研究中心，山东烟台 264000）

发布日期:2026-09-29
基金资助:
山东省农业科学院农业科技创新工程项目（CXGC2026B35；CXGC2025C18）；现代农业产业技术体系建设专项（CARS-17-SYZ08）；山东省现代农业产业技术体系蚕桑产业创新团队项目（SDAIT-18-01；SDAIT-18-02）；烟台市科技创新发展计划项目（2023JCYJ105）

Comprehensive Evaluation of the Postharvest Storage Performance of Mulberry Fruits under Exogenous Melatonin Treatment

ZHAO Dongxiao, WANG Zhaohong, TANG Wenqian, DONG Yaru, GENG Bing, SUN Jingshi, REN Yujie, GUO Guang, ZHU Hong, SHI Xinqin

(Shandong Institute of Sericulture, Shandong Engineering Research Center of Functional Crop Germplasm Innovation and Cultivation Utilization, Yantai Key Laboratory of Evaluation and Utilization of Silkworm Functional Substances, Yantai Engineering Research Center of Plant Stem Cell Targeted Breeding, Yantai 264000, China)

Published:2026-09-29

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为探究外源褪黑素（melatonin，MT）对桑椹采后贮藏品质及抗氧化能力的影响，以‘鲁诱7号’桑椹为试材，于采后分别喷施0、100、200、300 μmol/L MT溶液，定期测定桑椹的果实品质及生理指标，利用主成分分析和熵权-TOPSIS模型综合评价保鲜效果，并检测花色苷合成及抗氧化酶相关基因表达。结果表明，不同浓度MT处理可降低桑椹腐烂率，减缓果实软化和水分损失，提高可溶性固形物、VC、1-脱氧野尻霉素含量，维持可滴定酸稳定。外源MT通过上调花色苷合成关键基因（MaPAL、Ma4CL-2、MaDFR、MaANS）表达，减缓花色苷含量下降，促进总黄酮和总酚积累，进而增强1,1-二苯基-2-三硝基苯肼自由基清除能力。外源MT提高抗氧化酶基因（MasodC、MaSOD-Mn、MaPOD1、MaCAT1）相对表达量，增强超氧化物歧化酶、过氧化物酶、过氧化氢酶活性，抑制丙二醛积累。主成分分析提取到“品质劣变-抗氧化”“抗氧化酶-糖代谢”2 个主成分，累计方差贡献率达80.48%。主成分分析和熵权-TOPSIS综合评分均显示200 μmol/L得分最高，保鲜效果最佳。综上，适宜浓度的外源MT处理可显著延缓桑椹采后衰老进程，保持其感官与营养品质，其中以200 μmol/L处理效果最为突出。

关键词: 桑椹；褪黑素；采后；贮藏效果；综合评价

Abstract: In order to study the effects of treatment with different concentrations of exogenous melatonin (MT) on the quality and antioxidant activity of mulberry fruits, ‘Luyou 7’ mulberry fruits were sprayed postharvest with MT solution at concentrations of 0, 100, 200, and 300 μmol/L. Fruit quality and physiological indicators were measured at regular intervals during storage. Additionally, principal component analysis (PCA) and entropy-weighted TOPSIS were used to comprehensively evaluate the preservation effects. The expression of key anthocyanin synthesis-related genes and antioxidant enzyme genes was detected. The results showed that MT treatments at all concentrations reduced the decay incidence, delayed fruit softening and water loss of mulberry fruits, increased the contents of soluble solids, vitamin C, 1-deoxynojirimycin, and maintained the stability of titratable acidity. Exogenous MT upregulated the expression of key anthocyanin synthesis-related genes (MaPAL, Ma4CL-2, MaDFR, and MaANS), and consequently delayed the decrease in anthocyanin content and promoted the accumulation of total flavonoids and total phenols, thereby enhancing DPPH free radical scavenging activity. Moreover, exogenous MT increased the relative expression levels of antioxidant enzyme genes (MasodC, MaSOD-Mn, MaPOD1, and MaCAT1), thus enhancing the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), and catalase (CAT) and inhibiting the accumulation of malondialdehyde (MDA). Two principal components, namely “quality deterioration-antioxidant activity” and “antioxidant enzyme-sugar metabolism”, were extracted, altogether explaining 80.48% of the total variance. Collectively, PCA and the entropy-weighted TOPSIS comprehensive score showed that treatment with 200 μmol/L achieved the highest score, indicating the best preservation effect. In summary, treatment with an appropriate concentration of exogenous MT significantly delayed the postharvest senescence of mulberry fruits and maintained their sensory and nutritional quality, with the most pronounced effect observed at 200 μmol/L.

Key words: mulberry fruits; melatonin; postharvest; storage performance; comprehensive evaluation

中图分类号:

S663.9

赵东晓，王照红，唐文倩，董亚茹，耿兵，孙景诗，任玉洁，郭光，朱红，施新琴. 外源褪黑素对桑椹采后贮藏效果的综合评价[J]. 食品科学, 2026, 47(18): 251-262 https://doi.org/10.7506/spkx1002-6630-20260512-089

ZHAO Dongxiao, WANG Zhaohong, TANG Wenqian, DONG Yaru, GENG Bing, SUN Jingshi, REN Yujie, GUO Guang, ZHU Hong, SHI Xinqin*. Comprehensive Evaluation of the Postharvest Storage Performance of Mulberry Fruits under Exogenous Melatonin Treatment[J]. FOOD SCIENCE, 2026, 47(18): 251-262 https://doi.org/10.7506/spkx1002-6630-20260512-089

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外源褪黑素对桑椹采后贮藏效果的综合评价

Comprehensive Evaluation of the Postharvest Storage Performance of Mulberry Fruits under Exogenous Melatonin Treatment

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