Abstract:

This study aimed to develop a new ultrasonic-assisted procedure for the synthesis of diosmin from hesperidin.
Four factors including ultrasonic power, irradiation time, reaction time and reaction temperature were optimized using
Box-Behnken design and response surface methodology based on single factor investigations for achieving maximum
yield of diosmin. The optimization was performed by examining the influence of the four independent variables and their
interactions on diosmin yield. A quadratic polynomial regression model equation was set up. By analyzing the response
surface model, the optimum synthesis conditions were determined as follows: ultrasonic power, 700 W; irradiation time, 25
min; reaction time, 5.6 h, and reaction temperature, 120 ℃. Experiments carried out under these conditions gave a diosmin
yield of 21.35%, showing a relative error of 1.97% compared to the predicted value (21.78%). The product was identified as
diosmin by applying various spectroscopic methods. The presented response surface regression equation is of some practical
significance for optimizing the ultrasonic-assisted synthesis of diosmin.

Key words: diosmin, synthesis, ultrasound, response surface analysis