食品科学

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云南栽培与野生巨大口蘑中放射性核素的活度浓度测量

张 霁1,Anna ?LIWI?SKA2,Tamara ZALEWSKA2,Jerzy FALANDYSZ3,王元忠1,*   

  1. 1.云南省农业科学院药用植物研究所,云南 昆明 650200;2.气象与水管理研究所,波兰 格丁尼亚 81-342;
    3.格但斯克大学,波兰 格但斯克 80-308
  • 出版日期:2015-10-25 发布日期:2015-10-20
  • 通讯作者: 王元忠
  • 基金资助:

    国家自然科学基金地区科学基金项目(31460538;31260496;31160409);国务院农村综合改革专项(2014NG007-18)

Determination of Radionuclides in Cultivated and Wild Macrocybe gigantea Mushrooms in Yunnan

ZHANG Ji1, Anna ?LIWI?SKA2, Tamara ZALEWSKA2, Jerzy FALANDYSZ3, WANG Yuanzhong1,*   

  1. 1. Institute of Medicinal Plants, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Kunming 650200, China;
    2. Institute of Meteorology and Water Management, Gdynia 81-342, Poland;
    3. University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk 80-308, Poland
  • Online:2015-10-25 Published:2015-10-20
  • Contact: WANG Yuanzhong

摘要:

采用高纯锗伽马能谱仪测量云南栽培与野生巨大口蘑中人工放射性核素137Cs和天然放射性核素40K、226Ra、214Bi、214Pb的活度浓度。结果显示,137Cs、40K、226Ra、214Bi、214Pb活度浓度最高值以干质量计,在2011年样品菌盖中分别为小于6.1、821、小于66、140、145 Bq/kg,在菌柄中分别为6.7、926、小于50、16、27 Bq/kg;在2012年样品菌盖中分别为13、3 323、79、82、85 Bq/kg,在菌柄中分别为6.6、1 194、127、31、39 Bq/kg;在2013年样品菌盖中分别为11、1 417、92、14、32 Bq/kg,在菌柄中分别为7.9、1 139、小于58、19、27 Bq/kg。样品中137Cs活度浓度远低于国家限量标准及欧洲与日本等受放射性污染地区真菌的活度浓度,40K、226Ra、214Bi、214Pb活度浓度处于正常水平。表明产于云南的巨大口蘑未受到137Cs放射性污染,食用无核辐射安全风险。

 

关键词: 食用菌, 高纯锗伽马能谱仪, 放射性活度, 137Cs

Abstract:

In this study, a high-purity germanium γ spectrometer was employed to determine the activities of artificial
radionuclide 137Cs and natural radionuclides 40K, 226Ra, 214Bi and 214Pb in fruiting bodies of cultivated and wild Macrocybe
gigantea collected in Yunnan, China. The results showed that for the samples collected in 2011, the maximum concentrations
of 137Cs, 40K, 226Ra, 214Bi and 214Pb were < 6.1, 821, < 66, 140 and 145 Bq/kg dry weight (dw) in caps, and 6.7, 926, < 50, 16
and 27 Bq/kg in stipes, respectively. For the samples collected in 2012, the values of 137Cs, 40K, 226Ra, 214Bi and 214Pb were 13,
3 323, 79, 82 and 85 Bq/kg in caps, and 6.6, 1 194, 127, 31 and 39 Bq/kg in stipes, respectively. For the samples collected in
2013, the values of 137Cs, 40K, 226Ra, 214Bi and 214Pb were 11, 1 417, 92, 14 and 32 Bq/kg in caps, and 7.9, 1 139, < 58, 19 and
27 Bq/kg dw in stipes, respectively. The concentrations of 137Cs in M. gigantea were much lower than the maximal allowable
concentrations of radionuclides in foods as well as the concentrations in fungi collected from contaminated areas in some
European countries and Japan. The concentrations of natural radionuclides in M. gigantea were at the normal levels. It is
concluded that M. gigantea collected from Yunnan is not contaminated by radiocesium and therefore could be consumed
safely without any risk of radiation exposure.

Key words: edible mushroom, high-purity germanium &gamma, spectrometer, radioactivity, 137Cs

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