淡碱蒸胚对玉米胚及其毛油中真菌毒素的降解消除作用

doi:10.7506/spkx1002-6630-20190605-049

食品科学 ›› 2020, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (13): 8-13.doi: 10.7506/spkx1002-6630-20190605-049

淡碱蒸胚对玉米胚及其毛油中真菌毒素的降解消除作用

郑婷婷，刘玉兰，王戬东，裴娅晓

（1.河南工业大学粮油食品学院，河南郑州 450001；2.河北玉星食品有限公司，河北邢台 055550）

出版日期:2020-07-15 发布日期:2020-07-29
基金资助:
“十三五”国家重点研发计划重点专项（2016YFD0401405）

Degradation of Mycotoxins in Corn Germ and Crude Corn Oil by Steaming Corn Germ with Dilute Alkali

ZHENG Tingting, LIU Yulan, WANG Jiandong, PEI Yaxiao

(1. School of Food Science and Technology, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, China; 2. Hebei Yuxing Food Co. Ltd., Xingtai 055550, China)

Online:2020-07-15 Published:2020-07-29

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 利用湿热和碱性条件对真菌毒素的破坏作用，以不同质量分数淡碱（NaOH）溶液调节玉米胚达到适宜蒸胚水分质量分数（14%），用115 ℃过热蒸汽蒸胚30 min，对蒸胚前后玉米胚及所制取玉米毛油中黄曲霉毒素B1（aflatoxin，AFB1）、玉米赤霉烯酮（zearalenone，ZEN）和呕吐毒素（deoxynivalenol，DON）含量进行检测，研究淡碱蒸胚对玉米胚及其毛油中真菌毒素的降解消除效果及碱液质量分数对降解消除效果的影响。结果表明：碱液质量分数为5.29%时，淡碱蒸胚对玉米胚中ZEN和DON的降解消除效果最好，ZEN含量从697.41 μg/kg降至246.25 μg/kg（降解率64.69%），DON含量由2 417.07 μg/kg降至802.83 μg/kg（降解率66.78%），所制取玉米毛油中ZEN含量从266.44 μg/kg减少至140.02 μg/kg，DON含量从150.76 μg/kg降低至108.47 μg/kg；碱液质量分数为6.55%时，淡碱蒸胚对玉米胚中AFB1的降解消除效果最好，AFB1含量从7.91 μg/kg降至0.77 μg/kg（降解率90.30%），所制取玉米毛油中AFB1含量从2.11 μg/kg减少至0.51 μg/kg。随碱液质量分数的增大，淡碱蒸胚所得玉米胚及其毛油的色泽有所加深，毛油酸价和过氧化值明显降低。采用淡碱蒸胚不仅能对玉米胚中真菌毒素进行有效降解，大幅降低玉米胚及其毛油中真菌毒素含量，同时也能降低玉米粕中真菌毒素含量，实现玉米油食用安全和玉米粕饲用安全的同步提升。

关键词: 玉米胚, 淡碱蒸胚, 玉米毛油, 黄曲霉毒素B1, 玉米赤霉烯酮, 呕吐毒素, 降解消除

Abstract: Given the fact that moist-heat and alkaline conditions can destroy mycotoxins, corn germ was steamed with superheated steam at 115 ℃ for 30 min after adjusting its moisture content to the suitable value for steaming (14%) with different concentrations of NaOH solution. The contents of aflatoxin B1 (AFB1), zearalenone (ZEN) and deoxynivalenol (DON) in steamed and unsteamed corn germ as well as crude oil prepared from each of them were tested to explore the effect of dilute alkali steaming of corn germ on the degradation of mycotoxins in corn germ and crude corn oil. The results showed that steaming corn germ with 5.29% NaOH exhibited the highest degradation of ZEN and DON, whose contents decreased by 64.69% (246.25 versus 697.41 μg/kg) and 66.78% (802.83 versus 2 417.07 μg/kg) in steamed corn germ, also decreased (140.02 versus 266.44 μg/kg, and 108.47 versus 150.76 μg/kg) in the resulting corn oil compared with their respective unsteamed counterparts. Steaming corn germ with 6.55% NaOH resulted in the highest degradation of AFB1, whose content decreased by 90.30% (0.77 versus 7.91 μg/kg) in steamed corn germ and also decreased (0.51 versus 2.11 μg/kg) in the resulting corn oil compared with their respective unsteamed counterparts. As the alkali concentration increased, the color of both corn germ and the resulting corn oil became darker, and the acid value and peroxide value of the oil were significantly reduced. The dilute alkali steaming method can effectively reduce the mycotoxin content in corn germ as well as the resulting crude oil and corn germ meal, thereby improving the safety of corn oil and meal for human and animal consumption respectively.

Key words: corn germ, steamed corn germ with dilute alkali, corn germ oil, a?atoxin B1, zearalenone, deoxynivalenol, degradation

中图分类号:

TS224.3

郑婷婷, 刘玉兰, 王戬东, 裴娅晓. 淡碱蒸胚对玉米胚及其毛油中真菌毒素的降解消除作用[J]. 食品科学, 2020, 41(13): 8-13.

ZHENG Tingting, LIU Yulan, WANG Jiandong, PEI Yaxiao. Degradation of Mycotoxins in Corn Germ and Crude Corn Oil by Steaming Corn Germ with Dilute Alkali[J]. FOOD SCIENCE, 2020, 41(13): 8-13.

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淡碱蒸胚对玉米胚及其毛油中真菌毒素的降解消除作用

Degradation of Mycotoxins in Corn Germ and Crude Corn Oil by Steaming Corn Germ with Dilute Alkali

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