不同品种百合内外鳞片游离氨基酸组成的主成分分析及聚类分析

doi:10.7506/spkx1002-6630-20190709-117

食品科学 ›› 2020, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (12): 211-220.doi: 10.7506/spkx1002-6630-20190709-117

不同品种百合内外鳞片游离氨基酸组成的主成分分析及聚类分析

王馨雨，王蓉蓉，王婷，杨绿竹，刘洁，黎欢，张群，单杨，丁胜华

（1.湖南大学研究生院隆平分院，湖南长沙 410125；2.湖南省农业科学院农产品加工研究所，果蔬贮藏加工与质量安全湖南省重点实验室，湖南省果蔬加工与质量安全国际联合实验室，湖南长沙 410125；3.湖南农业大学食品科学技术学院，湖南长沙 410128；4.吐鲁番市林果业技术推广服务中心，新疆吐鲁番 838000）

出版日期:2020-06-25 发布日期:2020-06-22
基金资助:
湖南省重点研发计划项目（2017NK2112）；湖南农业科技创新项目（2019JG01；2019TD04）；国家自然科学基金青年科学基金项目（31501543）；长沙市杰出创新青年培养计划项目（KQ1905025）

Principal Component Analysis and Cluster Analysis for Evaluating the Free Amino Acid Composition of Inner and Outer Lily Bulb Scales from Different Cultivars

WANG Xinyu, WANG Rongrong, WANG Ting, YANG Lüzhu, LIU Jie, LI Huan, ZHANG Qun, SHAN Yang, DING Shenghua

(1. Graduate School of Longping Branch, Hunan University, Changsha 410125, China;2. Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Fruits and Vegetables Storage, Processing and Quality Safety, Hunan Province International Joint Laboratory on Fruits and Vegetables Processing, Quality and Safety, Agricultural Product Processing Institute, Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha 410125, China; 3. College of Food Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China; 4. Turpan Technology Extention Center of Forestry and Fruit Industry, Turpan 838000, China)

Online:2020-06-25 Published:2020-06-22

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为研究不同品种百合鳞茎中游离氨基酸（free amino acids，FAAs）综合品质的差异，以7 种百合内外鳞片为研究对象，采用液相色谱-串联质谱法测定游离氨基酸种类和含量，采用味道强度值、主成分分析法及聚类分析法综合评价。结果表明：百合中氨基酸含量丰富，均含有21 种FAAs，总量在4.10～10.10 mg/g之间。不同品种之间总游离氨基酸（total free amino acids，TFAAs）、必需氨基酸（essential amino acids，EAAs）、呈味氨基酸、药用氨基酸含量均存在差异。整体上，内片TFAAs含量高于外片，平均值分别为7.00 mg/g和6.18 mg/g；所有品种中，兰州（平陆）、兰州（兰州）、川百合中TFAAs含量较高，岷江百合最低；卷丹、川百合中EAAs含量高，内外片含量均占TFAAs的10%以上；呈味氨基酸中，以苦味和鲜味氨基酸占优势，谷氨酸和精氨酸为主要贡献者；药用氨基酸含量丰富，所有品种占TFAAs的49.18%～70.15%。通过主成分分析提取5 个主成分，累计方差贡献率为88.803%，能较好体现FAAs综合信息。根据综合排名得出前3 位分别为兰州百合（平陆）内片、川百合内片、川百合外片。分层聚类分析将7 个品种的内外鳞片百合分为5 大类，该聚类分析结果与主成分综合分析结果较一致，可反映出不同百合种质之间的差异。

关键词: 百合, 游离氨基酸, 液相色谱-串联质谱法, 主成分分析, 聚类分析

Abstract: This study aimed to analyze the differences in the composition of free amino acids (FAAs) in the inner and outer bulb scales of seven cultivars of lily. We determined FAAs by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). A systematic evaluation was performed by measurement of taste activity value (TAV) as well as using principal component analysis (PCA) and cluster analysis (CA). The results showed that a total of 21 FAAs were detected in all samples at concentrations ranging from 4.10 to 10.10 mg/g. There were differences in the contents of total free amino acids (TFAAs), essential amino acids (EAAs), flavor amino acids, and medicinal amino acids (MAAs) among different cultivars. On the whole, the content of TFAAs in the inner bulb scale was higher than that of the outer one, with mean values of 7.00 and 6.18 mg/g, respectively. Among all cultivars, the content of TFAAs was higher in Lilium davidii var. unicolor (from Pinglu and Lanzhou), and L. davidii Duchartre, and the lowest in L. regale Wilson. The content of EAAs was high in L. lancifolium Thunb. and L. davidii Duchartre, accounting for more than 10% of TFAAs for both inner and outer bulb scales. Among the flavor amino acids, bitter and umami amino acids were predominant, and both glutamic acid and arginine were the main contributors. MAAs were rich in lily bulbs, accounting for 49.18%–70.15% of TFAAs. Five principal components were extracted through principal component analysis, which together explained 88.803% the total variance and could reflect the comprehensive information about FAAs. According to the comprehensive analysis, the inner bulb scale of L. davidii var. unicolor from Pinglu, and the inner and outer scales of L. davidii Duchartre ranked top three among all samples. The hierarchical cluster analysis divided the inner and outer bulb scales of the seven lily cultivars into five categories, and the results were consistent with the principal component analysis, which could reflect the differences between different lily germplasms.

Key words: lily bulbs, free amino acids, liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry, principal component analysis, cluster analysis

中图分类号:

TS207.3

王馨雨，王蓉蓉，王婷，杨绿竹，刘洁，黎欢，张群，单杨，丁胜华. 不同品种百合内外鳞片游离氨基酸组成的主成分分析及聚类分析[J]. 食品科学, 2020, 41(12): 211-220.

WANG Xinyu, WANG Rongrong, WANG Ting, YANG Lüzhu, LIU Jie, LI Huan, ZHANG Qun, SHAN Yang, DING Shenghua. Principal Component Analysis and Cluster Analysis for Evaluating the Free Amino Acid Composition of Inner and Outer Lily Bulb Scales from Different Cultivars[J]. FOOD SCIENCE, 2020, 41(12): 211-220.

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不同品种百合内外鳞片游离氨基酸组成的主成分分析及聚类分析

Principal Component Analysis and Cluster Analysis for Evaluating the Free Amino Acid Composition of Inner and Outer Lily Bulb Scales from Different Cultivars

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