富锌、富硒秀珍菇蛋白质结构特征及其功能特性

doi:10.7506/spkx1002-6630-20191117-196

食品科学 ›› 2021, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (12): 52-59.doi: 10.7506/spkx1002-6630-20191117-196

富锌、富硒秀珍菇蛋白质结构特征及其功能特性

刘思杉，冮洁，朱淑珍，陈涛涛，邓海平，刘尧，曲鹏坤，袁家诚，潘琴

（1.大连民族大学生命科学学院，生物技术与资源利用教育部重点实验室，辽宁大连 116600；2.铜仁科学院梵净山生物资源研究所，贵州铜仁 554300）

出版日期:2021-06-25 发布日期:2021-06-29
基金资助:
辽宁省自然科学基金项目（2015020676）；大连民族大学·铜仁科学院联合科研项目（2019110057）

Structural and Functional Characteristics of Proteins Extracted from Zinc-Enriched and Selenium-Enriched Fruit Bodies of Pleurotus geesteranus

LIU Sishan, GANG Jie, ZHU Shuzhen, CHEN Taotao, DENG Haiping, LIU Yao, QU Pengkun, YUAN Jiacheng, PAN Qin

(1. Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Bioresources Utilization, Ministry of Education, College of Life Science, Dalian Minzu University, Dalian 116600, China; 2. Fanjing Mountain Biological Resources Institute, Tongren Academy of Sciences, Tongren 554300, China)

Online:2021-06-25 Published:2021-06-29

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 以富锌、富硒秀珍菇为实验材料，研究其蛋白质的结构及其功能特性。利用超声辅助碱提酸沉法提取蛋白质，结果表明富锌秀珍菇Zn200中总蛋白质量分数最高，为25.41%，比空白对照CK提高18.35%；富硒秀珍菇Se60粗蛋白质量分数最高，为62.92%，提高了7.63%；而富硒秀珍菇Se20的蛋白提取率最大，达到29.05%。采用连续累进提取法提取蛋白质组分，结果表明秀珍菇蛋白组分含量最高的是白蛋白，可达到31.02%，依次为白蛋白＞球蛋白＞谷蛋白＞醇溶蛋白＞类醇溶蛋白＞类谷蛋白。利用分光光度法对蛋白质的结构进行研究，富锌、富硒秀珍菇蛋白质的表面疏水性升高，巯基、二硫键含量降低。利用傅里叶红外光谱得到富锌、富硒秀珍菇蛋白质的4 种二级结构，其中Zn500的α-螺旋相对含量最高，为18.89%，CK秀珍菇的β-折叠相对含量最高，为39.24%。十二烷基硫酸钠-聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳结果表明，富锌、富硒秀珍菇的蛋白质分子质量大小主要分布在32.4～40.3 kDa之间。对秀珍菇蛋白质功能特性的研究结果表明，富锌、富硒秀珍菇的蛋白质体外消化率、持水性与持油性相对空白组降低，富锌秀珍菇蛋白质的起泡性最好，但泡沫稳定性最差，而富锌、富硒秀珍菇蛋白质的乳化性有所提高。

关键词: 秀珍菇；富锌；富硒；蛋白质；功能特性

Abstract: In this study, the structure and functional properties of proteins prepared from zinc-enriched and selenium-enriched Pleurotus geesteranus by ultrasound-assisted alkali extraction followed by acid precipitation were evaluated. The results showed that the total protein content of zinc-enriched P. geesteranus Zn200 was the highest up to 25.41%, 18.35% higher than that of the control group without zinc or selenium enrichment; the crude protein content of selenium-enriched mushroom Se60 was the highest up to 62.92%, 7.63% higher than that of the control group; the extraction rate of proteins from Se20 was the highest up to 29.05%. Sequential extraction revealed that albumin was the most abundant protein (up to 31.02%), followed sequentially by globulin, glutenin, gliadin, gliadin-like protein and glutenin-like protein. The structural characterization was performed by spectrophotometry, which demonstrated that the surface hydrophobicity of proteins from zinc-enriched and selenium-enriched P. geesteranus increased compared with the control group, while the sulfhydryl and disulfide bond contents decreased. Four secondary structures were identified in proteins from zinc-enrich and selenium-enriched P. geesteranus by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy; the highest content of α-helix and β-sheet were found in Zn500 (18.89%) and the control group (39.24%), respectively. According to sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE), the relative molecular mass masses of proteins from zinc-enriched and selenium-enriched P. geesteranus were mainly distributed between 32.4 and 40.3 kDa. The protein digestibility, water-holding capacity (WHC) and oil-holding capacity (OHC) of proteins from zinc-enriched and selenium-enriched P. geesteranus were lower than those of the blank group. The proteins from zinc-enriched P. geesteranus had the best foaming capacity, but had the weakest foam stability, while the emulsifying properties of the proteins from zinc-enriched and selenium-enriched P. geesteranus were improved relative to the control group.

Key words: Pleurotus geesteranus; zinc-enriched; selenium-enriched; protein; functional properties

中图分类号:

TS201.4

刘思杉，冮洁，朱淑珍，陈涛涛，邓海平，刘尧，曲鹏坤，袁家诚，潘琴. 富锌、富硒秀珍菇蛋白质结构特征及其功能特性[J]. 食品科学, 2021, 42(12): 52-59.

LIU Sishan, GANG Jie, ZHU Shuzhen, CHEN Taotao, DENG Haiping, LIU Yao, QU Pengkun, YUAN Jiacheng, PAN Qin. Structural and Functional Characteristics of Proteins Extracted from Zinc-Enriched and Selenium-Enriched Fruit Bodies of Pleurotus geesteranus[J]. FOOD SCIENCE, 2021, 42(12): 52-59.

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富锌、富硒秀珍菇蛋白质结构特征及其功能特性

Structural and Functional Characteristics of Proteins Extracted from Zinc-Enriched and Selenium-Enriched Fruit Bodies of Pleurotus geesteranus

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