食品科学 ›› 2024, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (16): 177-187.doi: 10.7506/spkx1002-6630-20230725-280

• 食品工程 • 上一篇    下一篇

超声波处理对低盐条件下鸡肉肌原纤维蛋白结构和氧化性质的影响

李可,张怡雪,王艳秋,赵电波,赵颖颖,陈博,王昱,杜曼婷,白艳红   

  1. (郑州轻工业大学食品与生物工程学院,冷链食品加工与安全控制教育部重点实验室,食品生产与安全河南省协同创新中心,河南 郑州 450001)
  • 出版日期:2024-08-25 发布日期:2024-08-06
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金面上项目(32072243);河南省留学人员科研择优资助项目(2022038); 河南省高等学校重点科研项目(22B550022);河南省重点研发与推广专项(232102110143)

Effect of Ultrasonic Treatment on the Structural and Oxidation Properties of Chicken Myofibrillar Protein under Low-Salt Conditions

LI Ke, ZHANG Yixue, WANG Yanqiu, ZHAO Dianbo, ZHAO Yingying, CHEN Bo, WANG Yu, DU Manting, BAI Yanhong   

  1. (Henan Provincial Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Production and Safety, Key Laboratory of Cold Chain Food Processing and Safety Control, Ministry of Education, College of Food and Bioengineering, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou 450001, China)
  • Online:2024-08-25 Published:2024-08-06

摘要: 为探究超声波对低盐条件下(0.15 mol/L NaCl)鸡肉肌原纤维蛋白(myofibrillar protein,MP)结构、物理稳定性的影响,以及超声波产生的自由基对鸡肉MP的氧化效应,研究不同超声时间(频率20 kHz,功率450 W,时间0、3、6、9、12 min)处理后,低盐条件下鸡肉MP结构和氧化性质的变化。结果表明:与对照组相比,随着超声波处理时间的延长,低盐条件下鸡肉MP的溶解度、物理稳定性和ζ-电位绝对值显著增加(P<0.05),而浊度、粒径显著减小(P<0.05);超声波处理12 min时,鸡肉MP的溶解度增加至58.5%;经超声处理后,鸡肉MP的表面疏水性显著增强,分子柔性明显增加,表明超声处理使低盐条件下鸡肉MP高度聚集的结构展开,内部疏水基团暴露;超声波处理6 min以上,鸡肉MP的自由巯基含量开始逐渐下降,二硫键含量升高;超声波处理12 min时,自由基含量、羰基含量及二聚酪氨酸含量显著增加(P<0.05),其中二聚酪氨酸含量升高约20.55%,而游离氨基含量显著降低(P<0.05)。综上,超声波处理会改变低盐条件下鸡肉MP的结构性质,增加鸡肉MP的物理稳定性,有助于乳化形成;超声会产生自由基,尤其延长超声波处理时间至6 min后进一步加剧鸡肉MP氧化,因此,应用超声波处理改善MP功能特性时需进一步关注超声波产生的自由基对MP的氧化效应。

关键词: 超声波;肌原纤维蛋白;低盐;氧化;结构特征;自由基

Abstract: In order to investigate the effect of ultrasound on the structure and physical stability of chicken myofibrillar protein (MP) under low-salt conditions (0.15 mol/L NaCl), as well as the oxidizing effect of free radicals generated by ultrasound on MP, this study investigated the changes in the structure and oxidative properties of MP under low-salt conditions after ultrasound treatments (20 kHz, 450 W for 0, 3, 6, 9, and 12 min). The results showed that compared with the control group, the solubility, physical stability, and absolute ζ-potential of MP under low-salt conditions increased significantly (P < 0.05) with ultrasonic treatment time, whereas the turbidity and particle size decreased significantly (P < 0.05). The solubility was increased to 58.5% after 12 min of ultrasonic treatment. After ultrasonic treatment, the surface hydrophobicity and molecular flexibility were significantly increased, indicating that ultrasonic treatment caused the highly aggregated structure of myofibrillar protein to unfold and the internal hydrophobic groups to be exposed under low-salt conditions. After ultrasonic treatment for more than 6 min, the free sulfhydryl content of MP began to gradually decrease, whereas the content of disulfide bonds increased. After ultrasonic treatment for 12 min, the contents of free radicals, carbonyl groups and dimerized tyrosine (by 20.55%) were significantly increased (P < 0.05), while the free amino group content was decreased significantly (P < 0.05). In conclusion, ultrasonic treatment changed the structural properties of MP under low-salt conditions and increased its physical stability, thereby contributing to the formation of emulsions. Ultrasonic treatment can generate free radicals; ultrasonic treatment time for 6 min can exacerbate the oxidation of MP. So, attention should be paid to the oxidizing effect of free radicals generated by ultrasound on MP when applying ultrasonic treatment to improve the functional properties of MP.

Key words: ultrasound; myofibrillar protein; low salt; oxidation; structural characteristics; free radicals

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