抗冻/抗氧化双效肽对不漂洗鱼糜冻藏品质的调控

doi:10.7506/spkx1002-6630-20250428-239

食品科学 ›› 2025, Vol. 46 ›› Issue (20): 297-305.doi: 10.7506/spkx1002-6630-20250428-239

抗冻/抗氧化双效肽对不漂洗鱼糜冻藏品质的调控

江祥瑶，戴新佳，何斌，尹世鲜，刘永乐，李向红，王发祥

（1.长沙理工大学食品与生物工程学院，湖南省水生资源食品加工工程技术研究中心，湖南长沙 410114；2.湖南省水产研究所（湖南省水产原种场），湖南长沙 410153；3.劲仔食品集团股份有限公司，湖南长沙 410000）

出版日期:2025-10-25 发布日期:2025-09-17
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金面上项目（32372371）；湖南省重点研发计划项目（2024JK2144；2022NK2038）

Regulatory Effect of Dual-Functional Peptides with Antifreeze and Antioxidant Activity on the Quality of Unwashed Silver Carp Surimi

JIANG Xiangyao, DAI Xinjia, HE Bin, YIN Shixian, LIU Yongle, LI Xianghong, WANG Faxiang

(1. Hunan Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Aquatic Food Resources Processing, School of Food Science and Bioengineering, Changsha University of Science and Technology, Changsha 410114, China; 2. Hunan Fisheries Research Institute (Aquatic Products Seed Stock Station), Changsha 410153, China; 3. Jinzai Food Group Co., Ltd., Changsha 410000, China)

Online:2025-10-25 Published:2025-09-17

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为同时解决不漂洗鱼糜贮藏过程中的抗氧化和抗冻保护难题，利用鱼糜加工副产物酶解制备抗冻/抗氧化双效肽，评估其抗冻、抗氧化活性及其对不漂洗鱼糜冻融过程中蛋白质变性、脂质氧化、凝胶性质、水分迁移、冰晶形成等指标变化的影响。结果表明，制备的双效肽热滞活性为0.84 ℃，可使冻融酵母菌存活率提高至74.4%，同时具有良好的1,1-二苯基-2-三硝基苯肼自由基清除活性（69.0%）和2,2’-联氮双(3-乙基苯并噻唑啉-6-磺酸)阳离子自由基清除活性（48.4%）；与空白组相比，添加双效肽的不漂洗鱼糜冻融6 次后的肌原纤维蛋白含量降幅减少5%，Ca2＋-ATPase活性保留率提高11%，硫代巴比妥酸反应物值增幅降低25%，而蛋白质羰基含量的增加和凝胶形成能力的降低幅度分别为对照组的65%和75%；同时，双效肽组鱼糜凝胶冻融6 次后，其冻融损失、水分状态转变、冰晶尺寸均明显低于空白组。综上，双效肽能有效抑制不漂洗鱼糜冻融过程的氧化劣变、蛋白质冷冻变性、水分迁移和冰晶长大，从而增强其冻融稳定性。本研究有助于利用鱼糜加工副产物开发多功能鱼糜品质改良剂，也可为解决不漂洗鱼糜贮藏稳定性差的难题提供新思路。

关键词: 不漂洗鲢鱼鱼糜；冻融循环；抗冻保护；抗氧化；双功能肽

Abstract: To address the challenges of preventing oxidation and cryoprotection of unwashed surimi during storage, dual-functional peptides were prepared via enzymatic hydrolysis of surimi processing by-products, and their cryoprotective and antioxidant activities were evaluated as well as their influence on protein denaturation, lipid oxidation, gel properties, water migration and ice crystal formation in unwashed surimi during multiple freeze-thaw cycles. The results showed that the prepared bifunctional peptides possessed a thermal hysteresis activity of 0.84 ℃ and increased the survival rate of frozen-thawed yeasts to 74.4%, and they also had good 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity (69.0%) and 2,2’-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) cation radical scavenging activity (48.4%). Compared with the control group, the decrease in myofibrillar protein content in unwashed surimi incorporated with bifunctional peptides was reduced by 5%, and the retention rate of Ca2+-ATPase activity was increased by 11%, and the increase in thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) value was decreased by 25%. The increase in protein carbonyl content and the decrease in gel-forming ability were 65% and 75% of those in the control group, respectively. Meanwhile, the freeze-thaw loss, moisture state transition and ice crystal size of surimi gel with the addition of bifunctional peptides were visibly lower than those in the control group after six freeze-thaw cycles. Therefore, the bifunctional peptides can effectively inhibit oxidative deterioration, protein denaturation, water migration and ice crystal growth during the freeze-thaw process of unwashed surimi, thus enhancing its freeze-thaw stability. These findings contribute to the development of multifunctional improvers for surimi using its by-products and provide a new idea to improve the poor storage stability of unwashed surimi.

Key words: unwashed silver carp surimi; freeze-thaw cycle; cryoprotection; antioxidant; bifunctional peptides

中图分类号:

TS254.9

江祥瑶，戴新佳，何斌，尹世鲜，刘永乐，李向红，王发祥. 抗冻/抗氧化双效肽对不漂洗鱼糜冻藏品质的调控[J]. 食品科学, 2025, 46(20): 297-305.

JIANG Xiangyao, DAI Xinjia, HE Bin, YIN Shixian, LIU Yongle, LI Xianghong, WANG Faxiang. Regulatory Effect of Dual-Functional Peptides with Antifreeze and Antioxidant Activity on the Quality of Unwashed Silver Carp Surimi[J]. FOOD SCIENCE, 2025, 46(20): 297-305.

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抗冻/抗氧化双效肽对不漂洗鱼糜冻藏品质的调控

Regulatory Effect of Dual-Functional Peptides with Antifreeze and Antioxidant Activity on the Quality of Unwashed Silver Carp Surimi

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