食品科学 ›› 2026, Vol. 47 ›› Issue (4): 296-304.doi: 10.7506/spkx1002-6630-20250910-080

• 安全检测 • 上一篇    下一篇

基于CRISPR/Cas12a的荧光传感器构建及其乳品中阪崎克罗诺杆菌的高灵敏检测应用

曲欣雨,谢新娜,邱满艳,张锡茹,赵倩玉,姜毓君,张微,张现龙   

  1. (1.东北农业大学食品学院,乳品科学教育部重点实验室,黑龙江 哈尔滨 150030;2.国家市场监督管理总局重点实验室(婴幼儿配方食品),黑龙江 哈尔滨 150030;3.中原食品实验室,河南 漯河 462300)
  • 出版日期:2026-02-25 发布日期:2026-03-16
  • 基金资助:
    “十四五”国家重点研发计划重点专项(2022YFF1100403);国家自然科学基金青年科学基金项目(32402229); 东北农业大学科研启动基金项目(54960612)

Development of a CRISPR/Cas12a-Based Fluorescence Sensor for Highly Sensitive Detection of Cronobacter sakazakii in Dairy Products

QU Xinyu, XIE Xinna, QIU Manyan, ZHANG Xiru, ZHAO Qianyu, JIANG Yujun, ZHANG Wei, ZHANG Xianlong   

  1. (1. Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; 2. Key Laboratory of Infant Formula Food, State Administration for Market Regulation, Harbin 150030, China; 3. Food Laboratory of Zhongyuan, Luohe 462300, China)
  • Online:2026-02-25 Published:2026-03-16

摘要: 针对食源性致病菌阪崎克罗诺杆菌,构建了一种结合聚合酶链式反应(polymerase chain reaction,PCR)和成簇规律间隔短回文重复序列/相关蛋白12a(clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats/CRISPR-associated protein 12a,CRISPR/Cas12a)的荧光检测方法,以实现对阪崎克罗诺杆菌的早期快速检测。首先根据阪崎克罗诺杆菌ompA基因设计并筛选了PCR引物和CRISPR RNA(crRNA)引物,然后使用不同浓度的阪崎克罗诺杆菌基因组测定该方法的灵敏度,使用金黄色葡萄球菌、沙门氏菌、阴沟肠杆菌、大肠杆菌、蜡样芽孢杆菌、单核细胞增生李斯特菌基因组进行特异性检验,最后利用所构建的检测方法和qPCR方法分别检测牛奶和婴幼儿配方乳粉中的阪崎克罗诺杆菌以验证方法的准确性。结果显示,该方法的线性范围为102~108 CFU/mL(R2=0.995),检测限低至1 CFU/mL,且特异性良好,与金黄色葡萄球菌、沙门氏菌、阴沟肠杆菌、大肠杆菌、蜡样芽孢杆菌、单核细胞增生李斯特菌均无交叉反应。此外,本实验构建的检测方法在不同阪崎克罗诺杆菌浓度(104、105、106 CFU/mL)的乳品样品(牛奶和婴幼儿配方乳粉)中回收率为89.51%~104.71%。综上,本研究建立了一种基于CRISPR/Cas12a的阪崎克罗诺杆菌荧光检测方法,具有良好的灵敏度和特异性,可为乳品中阪崎克罗诺杆菌的快速和灵敏检测方法的开发提供新参考。

关键词: 阪崎克罗诺杆菌;成簇规律间隔短回文重复序列/相关蛋白;聚合酶链式反应;荧光检测;乳品

Abstract: A fluorescent method based on polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and the clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats/CRISPR-associated protein 12a (CRISPR/Cas12a) system was developed for the early and rapid detection of Cronobacter sakazakii. Specifically, PCR primers and CRISPR RNA (crRNA) guides were designed and screened based on the ompA gene of C. sakazakii. The sensitivity of the method was evaluated using serial concentrations of C. sakazakii genomic DNA. In addition, the specificity was assessed using Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella, Enterobacter cloacae, Escherichia coli, Bacillus cereus, and Listeria monocytogenes. Furthermore, quantitative PCR (qPCR) was used to evaluate the accuracy of the fluorescent method for detecting C. sakazakii in milk and infant formula samples. The fluorescent method demonstrated a linear range from 102 to 108 CFU/mL (R2 = 0.995), with a limit of detection as low as 1 CFU/mL. This method exhibited high specificity and no cross-reactivity with any of the non-target bacterial species. Moreover, recoveries from milk and infant formula samples spiked at 104, 105 and 106 CFU/mL ranged from 89.51%­ to 104.71%. In conclusion, the CRISPR/Cas12a-based fluorescence method is highly sensitive and specific, providing a new reference for developing rapid and sensitive detection methods for C. sakazakii in dairy products.

Key words: Cronobacter sakazakii; clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats/CRISPR-associated protein; polymerase chain reaction; fluorescence detection; dairy products

中图分类号: