食品科学 ›› 2026, Vol. 47 ›› Issue (12): 373-383.doi: 10.7506/spkx1002-6630-20251219-166

• 专题论述 • 上一篇    

食用油脂中3-氯丙醇酯和缩水甘油酯的分布、生成机制及同步减控策略研究进展

程威威,鲍中明,徐培锋,陈玉峰,柯志刚,周绪霞,丁玉庭,刘书来   

  1. (1.浙江工业大学食品科学与工程学院,全省深蓝渔业资源绿色低碳高效开发重点实验室,国家远洋水产品加工技术研发分中心(杭州),浙江 杭州 310014;2.漳州市食品科学研究院,福建 漳州 363000)
  • 发布日期:2026-07-08
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金面上项目(32572728);浙江省自然科学基金探索项目(LMS26C200004); “十四五”国家重点研发计划项目(2024YFD2401905)

Recent Advances in the Occurrence, Formation Mechanisms, and Synchronous Mitigation Strategies of 3-Chloropropanediol Esters and Glycidyl Esters in Edible Oil

CHENG Weiwei, BAO Zhongming, XU Peifeng, CHEN Yufeng, KE Zhigang, ZHOU Xuxia, DING Yuting, LIU Shulai   

  1. (1. National R&D Branch Center for Pelagic Aquatic Products Processing (Hangzhou), Key Laboratory of Green, Low-Carbon and Efficient Development of Marine Fishery Resources, College of Food Science and Technology, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China; 2. Food Science Research Institute of Zhangzhou, Zhangzhou 363000, China)
  • Published:2026-07-08

摘要: 3-氯丙醇酯(3-monochloropropanediol esters,3-MCPDEs)和缩水甘油酯(glycidyl esters,GEs)广泛存在于植物油及油基食品中,具有潜在的肾脏毒性、致癌性等健康风险。本文介绍了3-MCPDEs和GEs在植物油和典型油基食品中的共存规律和暴露风险;阐释了3-MCPDEs和GEs在前体物质、反应路径等方面的生成转化机制及互作关系;综述了油脂生产过程中抑制2 种危害物生成(包括油脂精炼过程的工艺优化、抗氧化剂添加)及已生成危害物的脱除(包括分子蒸馏、吸附法和生物法)等同步减控策略;并对2 种危害物未来的研究方向作出展望。本文可为油脂加工企业优化工艺、降低污染物含量提供科学依据,有助于保障食用油及相关食品的安全。

关键词: 3-氯丙醇酯;缩水甘油酯;植物油安全;生成机制;减控策略

Abstract: 3-Monochloropropanediol esters (3-MCPDEs) and glycidyl esters (GEs) are potential hazardous substances that are widely present in vegetable oils and oil-based food products, posing health risks such as nephrotoxicity and carcinogenicity. This paper presents the co-occurrence pattern and exposure risk of 3-MCPDEs and Ges in vegetable oils and typical oil-based foods. The formation mechanism and interaction of 3-MCPDEs and GEs are elaborated, including their precursors and formation pathways. Furthermore, this paper provides a comprehensive review of the strategies to inhibit the formation of 3-MCPDEs and Ges (process optimization and the addition of antioxidants) and remove the already-formed hazardous substances (molecular distillation, adsorption, and biotechnological approaches). Finally, it offers an outlook on future research directions in this field. This paper aims to furnish scientific evidence for oil processing enterprises to optimize their processes and reduce pollutant levels, thereby ensuring the safety of edible oils and related food products.

Key words: 3-monochloropropanediol esters; glycidyl esters; vegetable oil safety; formation mechanism; mitigation strategies

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