茶树油粕中茶皂素研究进展

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 茶树油粕中除含有残油外，还含有其他功能性成分(茶皂素、黄酮类、多酚、多糖等)，具有不同的生物活性。对于茶皂素的分离和结构鉴定，结构鉴定是其研究的热点和难点。茶皂素是一种性能优良的非离子型表面活性剂，同时其具有抑菌、杀虫、抗氧化、抗消炎、溶血等生物活性。本文着重对茶皂素的化学结构、理化性质、表面活性及生物活性研究方面进行综述。

关键词: 茶树油粕, 茶皂素, 结构, 生物活性

Abstract: The oil residues of Camellia semiserrata contain functional components such as tea saponin, flavonoids, polyphenols and polysaccharides with various biological activities. Current studies on tea saponin are focused on its isolation and identification. However, its structural identification remains a hot and difficult topic. Tea saponin is a nonionic surfactant and has many functions such as bacteriostasis, insecticidal action antioxidation, anti-inflammation and hemolytic effect. In this paper, the chemical structure, physical and chemical characteristics, surfactant property and biological activity of tea saponin are reviewed.

Key words: oil residues of Camellia semiserrata, tea saponin, structure, biological activity

中图分类号:

S132

李俊1,2,3，张爱玉1,2,*，齐永杰1,2，孟祥春1,2，张昭其3. 茶树油粕中茶皂素研究进展[J]. 食品科学, 2012, 33(1): 276-279.

参考文献

参考文献
[1] 庄瑞林,周启仁,项耀威.中国油茶[M].北京:中国林业出版社,1988.
[2] 丁丹华，彭光华,等.油茶籽粕蛋白提取工艺研究[J].食品科学，2010(8):102-105
[3] 刘晓庆,白玲,曾斌,等.油茶籽饼中抗营养因子的研究[J].粮食与饲料工业,1995(1)：22-25
[4] 青山新次郎.药学杂志[J].1931,51(5):367-375
[5] 夏春华等.茶皂素研究进展[J].国外农学—茶叶，1988,(2):1-10.
[6] 钟露苗.三菇皂昔提取分离和结构鉴定技术[J].中医药学刊，2004,22(4):760-762
[7] 石馆守三,等.药学杂志[J].1952,72(11):1523-1524
[8] 上田阳,等.药学杂志[J].1952,72(11):1525-1528
[9] Yu ko M.Sagesaka，Terumi U.，Naoharu W..et al A new glucuronide saponin from tea leaves(Camellia sinensis Var.sinensis).Biosci Biotech Biochem，1994，58(11):2035-2040
[10] Kitagawa I.，Hori K.，Motozawa T..et al. Structures of new acylated oleanene-type triterpene oligogly -cosides，theasaponins El and E2，from the seeds of tea plant，Camellia sinensis(L.) O.Kuntze.Chem Pharm Bull(tokyo)，1998，Dec;46(12):1901-1906
[11] Murakami T.，Nakamura J.，Masuda H.. et al. Bioactive saponins and glycosides. XV. Saponin constituents with gastroprotective effect from the seeds of tea plant，Camellia sinensis L. var. assamica Pierre，cultivate in Sri Lanka:struetures of assamsaponins A，B，C，D，and E.Chem Pharm Bull(tokyo)，1999，Dec;47(12):1759-1764
[12] Murakami T.，Nakamara J.，Kageura T..et al. Bioactive saponins and glycosides.XVⅡ.Inhibitory effect on gastric emptying and accelerating effect on gastrointestinal transit of tea saponins: structures of assamsaponins F，G，H，I，and J from the seeds and leaves of the tea plant. Chem Pharm Bull(tokyo)，2000 Nov，48(11):1720-1725
[13] Yi Lu，Tasuya u.，Akihito Y.. et al. Triterpenoid saponins from the root of tea plant(Camellia sinensis Var. assamica). Phytochemistry，2000，53:941-946
[14] 王林,荀筱辉.茶皂素自外吸收光谱的研究[J].中国茶叶,1990(2):32-33
[15] 田洁华，王路.茶皂素表面活性及其加气混凝土在工业中的应用研究[J].硅酸盐建筑制品1995(l):8-13
[16] 柳荣祥，夏春华，樊兴土.茶皂素洗理香波的研制与开发[J].中国洗涤用品工业,2001,(4):22-25
[17] 金月庆.茶皂素提取纯化及抗菌活性的研究[D].武汉工业大学硕士论文，2008
[18] 侯如燕,宛晓春,等.油茶总皂苷抑菌活性的初步研究[J].食品科学,2006(1):51-54
[19] 王小艺,黄炳球,等.差皂素对7种植物病原菌的生物活性初测[J].植保技术与广,1998, 18(6):34-35
[20] Weining Hao,Guohua Zhong,et.al.Control of citrus postharvest green and blue mold and sour rot by tea sponin combined with imazalil and prochloraz[J].Postharvest Biology and technology.2010,56: 39-43
[21] 孔令芳，弓爱君，邱丽娜，等.茶皂素的提取纯化及其应用[J].福建茶叶，2004,(3): 29-31.
[22] 郑竟成.油厂产品在农药生产上的应用[J].中国油脂,1990,(4):58
[23] 王小艺，黄炳球.茶皂素对菜青虫的拒食活性[J].中国蔬菜,1999,(l):22-24
[24] 王小艺，黄炳球.茶皂素对菜青虫的拒食方式与机制[J].昆虫知识,1999,36(5):277-281
[25] 陈树仁等.茶皂素TS-D杀虫效果初步研究[J].植物保护,1996(3):26-27
[26] Yi Lu, Tatsuya Umeda, Akihito Yagi, et al. Triterpenoid saponins from the roots of tea plant (Camellia sinensis var. assamica)[J]. Phytochemistry, Volume 53, Issue 8, April 2000, Pages 941-946
[27] M.Kawaguchi, T. Kato, S. Kamada and A. Yahata. Three-month oral repeated administration toxicity study of seed saponins of thea sinensis L. (ryokucha saponin) in rats[J].Food and Chemical Toxicology, Volume 32, Issue 5, May 1994, Page 431-442
[28] 夏春华，杨钟鸣.茶皂素在农药工业中的应用研究进展[J].茶叶科学,2000,20(2):82-88.
[29] 吕晓玲，邱松山，孙晓侠等．油茶总皂苷的抗氧化及清除自由基能力初步研究[J].食品科学，2005，26(11)：86-89．
[30] Zhong-Fnag Lail，Zhanqiang Shao，Yu-Zhen Chen，Ming He，Qiren Huang, Katsuhide Nishi. Ecffets of Sasanquasaponin on Ischemia and Reperfusoin Injury in Mouse Hearts[J].Pharmacol Sci，2004,94:313-324.
[31] 黄起壬，何明，李萍，彭维杰，曹守仪.油茶皂苷抗心肌缺血大鼠氧自由基和脂质过氧化作用[J].中国药理学通报，2003，19(9):1034-1036
[32] 吉川雅之，王涛，杉本幸子等．Functional Saponins in Tea Flower(Flower Buds of Camellia sinensis)：Gastroprotective and Hypoglycemic Effects of Horathea saponins and Qualitative and Qualitative Analysis Using HPLC．YAKUGAKU ZASSHI，2008，128(1)：141-145
[33] 张星海，杨贤强.茶皂素性质及应用研究近况[J].福建茶叶,2003,(2):55-57
[34] P.Chattopadhyay, S.E.Besra, Agomes etc. Anti-inflammatory activity of tea root extract[J]. Life Science,2004,(74):1839-1845
[35] Kitagawa. Extraction of saponins from tea leaves[P]. JP 07061998A27 Mar 1995. Heisei, 9PP(Japanese)
[36] 潘永贵.茶皂素的研究开发[J].农牧产品开发,1997,(12):13-16.
[37] Minoru Tomita，Sumito Ymamoto，Kanoko Ymaguchi,et al..Theasaponin El destroys the salt tolerance of yeasts[J].Journal of Bioscience and Bioengineering， Volume 90,Issue 6,2000,Pages 637-642.