生物保鲜剂对鱼类腐败菌抑菌效果比较及抑菌机理研究

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 通过分析抑菌圈直径和最低抑制量，研究葡萄柚种子提取物、葡萄籽提取物、柠檬提取物、百里酚和茶多酚5种生物保鲜剂对假单胞菌和腐败希瓦氏菌的抑菌效果进行比较。结果表明：百里酚、茶多酚和葡萄籽提取物表现出较好的抑菌效果，其中百里酚对两种菌都有很好的抑菌效果，尤其是对腐败希瓦氏菌抑菌效果显著。茶多酚对两种菌的抑菌效果相当，而葡萄籽提取物则对假单胞菌的抑菌效果更好，总体上百里酚的抑菌效果较好。通过测定菌液电导率、可溶性糖含量和蛋白质含量，分析百里酚对假单胞菌和腐败希瓦氏菌的抑菌机理。结果表明：百里酚处理组的菌液电导率、可溶性糖含量和蛋白质含量均比对照组大，百里酚的抑菌机理可能是：增大细胞膜通透性，破坏细胞膜外膜完整性，破坏磷脂双层。

关键词: 生物保鲜剂, 假单胞菌, 腐败希瓦氏菌, 抑菌效果, 百里酚, 抑菌机理

Abstract: The antibacterial effects of five biological preservatives including grapefruit seed extract, grape seed extract, lemon extract, thymol and tea polyphenols against Pseudomonas spp. and Shewanella putrefacien as specific spoilage organisms (SSOs) in fish were comparatively investigated by measuring inhibitory circle diameter and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC). The results showed that thymol, tea polyphenols and grape seed extract had strong antibacterial effect. Meanwhile, thymol revealed extremely strong antibacterial effects against both spoilage organisms, especially Shewanella putrefacien. Tea polyphenols had similar antibacterial effects against both spoilage organisms, while grape seed extract had better antibacterial activity against Pseudomonas spp. than Shewanella putrefacien. Overall, thymol had the best antibacterial activity against both spoilage organisms. Thymol treatment group had high levels of electric conductivity, soluble sugar concentration and protein concentration when compared with control group. Hence, we concluded that the antibacterial mechanism of thymol is presumably due to increasing cell membrane permeability, disintegrating the outer cell membrane and destroying the phospholipids bilayer.

Key words: biological preservatives, Pseudomonas spp., Shewanella putrefacien, antibacterial effect, thymol, antibacterial mechanism

中图分类号:

S984.1

蒋慧亮1,2，李学英2，杨宪时2,*，迟?海2. 生物保鲜剂对鱼类腐败菌抑菌效果比较及抑菌机理研究[J]. 食品科学, 2012, 33(23): 31-35.

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