食品科学 ›› 2021, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (11): 168-175.doi: 10.7506/spkx1002-6630-20200513-146

• 营养卫生 • 上一篇    下一篇

基于代谢组学研究绣球菌多糖对高脂血症大鼠的降血脂作用

高渊,杨亚茹,常明昌,孟俊龙,刘靖宇,冯翠萍   

  1. (1.山西农业大学食品科学与工程学院,山西 太谷 030801;2.山西省食用菌工程技术研究中心,山西 太谷 030801)
  • 出版日期:2021-06-15 发布日期:2021-06-29
  • 基金资助:
    山西省重点研发计划重点项目(201603D21106);山西农谷建设科研专项(SXNGJSKYZX201903); 食用菌山西省科技创新重点团队项目(201805D131009);黄土高原食用菌提质增效协同创新中心项目(02060118010001)

Metabonomic Study on Hypolipidemic Effect of Sparassis crispa Polysaccharides on Hyperlipidemic Rats

GAO Yuan, YANG Yaru, CHANG Mingchang, MENG Junlong, LIU Jingyu, FENG Cuiping   

  1. (1. College of Food Science and Engineering, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu 030801, China;2. Shanxi Research Station for Engineering Technology of Edible Fungi, Taigu 030801, China)
  • Online:2021-06-15 Published:2021-06-29

摘要: 目的:从代谢组学的角度探讨绣球菌多糖对高脂血症大鼠血脂的影响及其血清代谢物的变化。方法:对高脂血症模型大鼠分别灌胃不同剂量的绣球菌多糖8 周后,研究其对大鼠血清脂质生化指标的影响,采用气相色谱-质谱联用技术对大鼠血清中的代谢物进行检测,筛选绣球菌多糖对高脂血症大鼠作用的差异代谢物,分析其涉及的代谢通路并对其中影响最大的通路进行验证。结果:与正常对照组相比,高脂血症模型组血清的总胆固醇、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇和总胆汁酸浓度显著升高(P<0.05),高密度脂蛋白胆固醇浓度显著降低(P<0.05);与高脂血症模型组相比,绣球菌多糖高剂量组血清的总胆固醇浓度显著降低(P<0.05),异亮氨酸、酪氨酸、甘氨酸、苏氨酸、丝氨酸、丙氨酸、葡萄糖、甘油、琥珀酸、胆固醇、棕榈酸等14 种代谢物表达量均发生显著变化(P<0.05),它们通过谷氨酸与谷氨酰胺代谢,缬氨酸、亮氨酸与异亮氨酸合成,苯丙氨酸、酪氨酸与色氨酸合成,甘油磷脂代谢等8 条代谢通路发挥降血脂作用;其中谷氨酸与谷氨酰胺代谢影响最大。与正常对照组相比,高脂血症模型组血清的谷氨酸水平显著降低(P<0.05);与高脂血症模型组相比,绣球菌多糖低剂量组血清的谷氨酸浓度显著升高(P<0.05),中、高剂量绣球菌多糖组血清的谷氨酸和谷氨酰胺水平显著升高(P<0.05)。结论:绣球菌多糖能够改善高脂血症大鼠的血脂异常,通过代谢组学分析其作用机理可能与机体内的氨基酸代谢和脂质代谢有关,尤其是谷氨酸与谷氨酰胺代谢。

关键词: 绣球菌多糖;血脂异常;血清代谢组学;气相色谱-质谱联用

Abstract: Objective: To discuss the effect of Sparassis crispa polysaccharides on blood lipids in hyperlipidemic rats from a metabolomics perspective and to investigate the change of serum metabolites. Methods: The effect of intragastric administration of Sparassis crispa polysaccharides at different doses for eight weeks on serum lipids in hyperlipidemic rats was evaluated. Serum metabolites were detected by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), and the differential metabolites in serum samples from different animal groups were screened out. The metabolic pathways in which these differential metabolites may be involved were analyzed, and the most influential pathway was verified. Results: Compared with the normal control (NC) group, the levels of serum total cholesterol (TC), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and total bile acid (TBA) were increased significantly in the high-fat, high-cholesterol model (HFCM) group (P < 0.05), while high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) was significantly reduced (P < 0.05). Compared with the HFCM group, serum TC in the high-dose polysaccharide (HFC + HD) group were significantly decreased (P < 0.05), and 14 metabolites such as isoleucine, tyrosine, glycine, threonine, serine, alanine, glucose, glycerol, butanedioic acid, cholesterol and hexadecanoic acid were significantly changes (P < 0.05). Eight metabolic pathways such as glutamic acid and glutamine metabolism, the synthesis of valine, leucine and isoleucine, the synthesis of phenylalanine, tyrosine and tryptophan, and glycerol phospholipid metabolism were related to the lipid lowering activity of Sparassis crispa polysaccharides. Among them, glutamic acid and glutamine metabolism had the greatest influence. Compared with the NC group, serum glutamic acid level in the HFCM group decreased significantly (P < 0.05). Compared with the HFCM group, serum glutamic acid in the low-dose polysaccharide group was significantly increased (P < 0.05), and both glutamic acid and glutamine level in the middle- and high-dose polysaccharide groups were significantly increased (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Sparassis crispa polysaccharides can improve dyslipidemia in hyperlipidemia rats, and its mechanism may be related to amino acid and lipid metabolism, especially glutamic acid and glutamine metabolism.

Key words: Sparassis crispa polysaccharides; dyslipidemia; serum metabonomics; gas chromatography-mass spectrometry

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