‘金冠’和‘富士’苹果采后活性氧相关代谢差异比较

doi:10.7506/spkx1002-6630-20200801-005

食品科学 ›› 2021, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (15): 194-199.doi: 10.7506/spkx1002-6630-20200801-005

‘金冠’和‘富士’苹果采后活性氧相关代谢差异比较

吕静祎，丁思杨，张俊虎，徐冬乐，孙明宇，张潆支，葛永红，励建荣

（渤海大学食品科学与工程学院，辽宁锦州 121013）

出版日期:2021-08-15 发布日期:2021-08-27
基金资助:
辽宁省教育厅科学研究经费项目（LJ2020012）；国家自然科学基金青年科学基金项目（31501537）；辽宁省一流学科项目（LNSPXKBD2020319；LNSPXKBD2020305）

Comparison of Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) Metabolism between ‘Golden Delicious’ and ‘Fuji’ Apple Fruit after Harvest

LÜ Jingyi, DING Siyang, ZHANG Junhu, XU Dongle, SUN Mingyu, ZHANG Yingzhi, GE Yonghong, LI Jianrong

(College of Food Science and Engineering, Bohai University, Jinzhou 121013, China)

Online:2021-08-15 Published:2021-08-27

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 以‘金冠’苹果和‘富士’苹果果实为试材，研究常温（23±2）℃后熟衰老期间活性氧（reactive oxygen species，ROS）相关代谢的变化。结果表明：‘金冠’硬度的下降快于‘富士’，呼吸强度高峰和乙烯释放高峰均比‘富士’早49 d出现。‘金冠’中的超氧阴离子自由基的产生速率、过氧化氢和丙二醛的含量在贮藏期间均高于‘富士’。‘富士’中的过氧化物酶、过氧化氢酶及超氧化物歧化酶活力在整个贮藏期间均显著或极显著低于‘金冠’（P＜0.05、P＜0.01），且活力高峰出现时间比‘金冠’分别晚63、56、49 d。‘富士’中谷胱甘肽还原酶活力高峰出现时间虽比‘金冠’晚49 d，但其峰值却为金冠的2.11 倍。此外，与‘金冠’相比，‘富士’在常温后熟期间保持了较高的抗坏血酸含量和较低的抗坏血酸过氧化物酶活性。结论：‘金冠’采后ROS水平与ROS代谢有关的酶活性高于‘富士’，成熟衰老速度快，贮藏期短。不同品种苹果果实间的耐贮藏性差异可能与ROS水平密切相关，但考虑到ROS产生和清除体系复杂性，苹果果实的耐贮藏性与ROS代谢能力的联系还需要进一步研究阐明。

关键词: 苹果；后熟；活性氧代谢；衰老

Abstract: Changes in reactive oxygen species (ROS) metabolism-related physiological indexes were studied during the postripeness and senescence of ‘Golden Delicious’ and ‘Fuji’ apples stored at (23 ± 2) ℃. The results showed that the firmness of ‘Golden Delicious’ apples decreased faster than that of ‘Fuji’ apples and the respiration and ethylene peaks occurred 49 days earlier in ‘Golden Delicious’ apples than in ‘Fuji’ apples. The rate of superoxide anion radical (O2-·) production and the contents of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and malondialdehyde (MDA) in ‘Golden Delicious’ apples were higher than those in ‘Fuji’ apples during storage. The activities of peroxidase (POD), catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) in ‘Fuji’ apples were lower than those in ‘Golden Delicious’ apples during the whole storage period (P < 0.05, P < 0.01), and their peak activities occurred 63, 56 and 49 days later than in ‘Golden Delicious’ apples, respectively. Although glutathione reductase (GR) activity reached its peak in ‘Fuji’ apples 49 days later than in ‘Golden Delicious’ apples, its peak value was 2.11 times higher than that in ‘Golden Delicious’. Moreover, compared with ‘Golden Delicious’ apples, ‘Fuji’ apples maintained higher ascorbic acid (AsA) content and lower ascorbate peroxidase (APX) activity during postharvest ripening. In conclusion, the ROS level and ROS metabolism-related enzyme activities in ‘Golden Delicious’ apples were higher than those in ‘Fuji’ apples, and the ripening and senescence rate was faster than that in ‘Fuji’ apples after harvest. Thus, the storage life of ‘Golden Delicious’ apples was shorter than that of ‘Fuji’ apples. These data indicate that the storability of different apple cultivars may be closely related to ROS level, but considering the complex ROS production and scavenging system, its relationship with ROS metabolic capacity still needs to be further elucidated.

Key words: apple; postripeness; reactive oxygen species metabolism; senescence

中图分类号:

TS255.36

吕静祎，丁思杨，张俊虎，徐冬乐，孙明宇，张潆支，葛永红，励建荣. ‘金冠’和‘富士’苹果采后活性氧相关代谢差异比较[J]. 食品科学, 2021, 42(15): 194-199.

LÜ Jingyi, DING Siyang, ZHANG Junhu, XU Dongle, SUN Mingyu, ZHANG Yingzhi, GE Yonghong, LI Jianrong. Comparison of Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) Metabolism between ‘Golden Delicious’ and ‘Fuji’ Apple Fruit after Harvest[J]. FOOD SCIENCE, 2021, 42(15): 194-199.

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‘金冠’和‘富士’苹果采后活性氧相关代谢差异比较

Comparison of Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) Metabolism between ‘Golden Delicious’ and ‘Fuji’ Apple Fruit after Harvest

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