食品科学 ›› 2025, Vol. 46 ›› Issue (20): 142-152.doi: 10.7506/spkx1002-6630-20250422-174

• 生物工程 • 上一篇    下一篇

基于比较基因组学对新疆地区人源嗜黏蛋白阿克曼氏菌遗传差异及益生特性的比较分析

史文凤,安美玲,黄丽丽,倪永清   

  1. (1.石河子大学食品学院,新疆特色益生菌与乳品技术八师重点实验室,新疆 石河子 832003;2.新疆生产建设兵团乳制品产业创新研究院,新疆天润生物科技股份有限公司,新疆 昌吉 831100)
  • 出版日期:2025-10-25 发布日期:2025-09-17
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金青年科学基金项目(C类)(32502218); 新疆生产建设兵团重点领域科技攻关项目(2022DB008;2023AB050;2024AB050); 新疆维吾尔自治区天池英才青年博士项目(CZ002325);石河子大学高层次人才科研启动项目(RCZK202350); 石河子大学青年创新培育人才项目(CXPY202309)

Comparative Genomic Analysis of the Genetic Differences and Probiotic Characteristics of Human-Residential Akkermansia muciniphila Strains in Xinjiang

SHI Wenfeng, AN Meiling, HUANG Lili, NI Yongqing   

  1. (1. Key Laboratory for Xinjiang Special Probiotics and Dairy Technology of the Eighth Division of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps, School of Food Science and Technology, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832003, China; 2. Industrial Innovation Research Institute of Dairy Products, Xinjiang Tianrun Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps, Changji 831100, China)
  • Online:2025-10-25 Published:2025-09-17

摘要: 本研究从新疆不同地域健康人群粪便中分离得到的12 株嗜黏蛋白阿克曼氏菌(Akkermansia muciniphila),基于基因组系统发育分析对菌株的遗传差异进行了比较分析。基因组分析显示,分离菌株基因组长度为2.64~2.98 Mb,GC含量为55.1%~55.7%。依据平均核苷酸一致性以及核心基因构建系统进化树,将分离菌株划分为3 个亚群。分离菌株耐受实验和表面特性测定结果显示,subgroup II菌株对酸和胆盐耐受性最好,subgroup II菌株在48 h时的自聚集率均在60%以上,15 min后其对二甲苯的疏水性高达(32.00±0.02)%。抗氧化能力分析结果显示,subgroup II菌株对1,1-二苯基-2-三硝基苯肼自由基和2,2’-联氮双(3-乙基苯并噻唑啉-6-磺酸)阳离子自由基均表现出更佳的清除能力。溶血实验结果显示所有菌株安全无毒。抗生素耐药性分析结果显示,分离菌株对链霉素、庆大霉素等氨基糖苷类抗生素存在一定程度耐药性,对糖肽类抗生素万古霉素敏感,耐药表型与基因检测不严格对应。基因组测序显示,菌株拥有碳水化合物水解酶(glycoside hydrolase,GH)家族基因GH2和GH20。碳源利用谱分析显示低聚半乳糖、大豆低聚糖、木糖醇等对菌株的增殖具有协同促进作用。总体上,隶属于subgroup II的菌株具有优良的益生特性,后期可作为益生菌重点开发利用。

关键词: 嗜黏蛋白阿克曼氏菌;益生特性;全基因组;安全性;功能基因

Abstract: In this study, 12 strains of Akkermansia muciniphila were isolated and characterized from healthy volunteers from different regions of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China. Through whole-genome phylogenetic analysis, the genetic differences among these strains were compared. Their genome sizes ranged from 2.64 to 2.98 Mb, with GC contents between 55.1% and 55.7%. According to the phylogenetic tree constructed based on average nucleotide identity (ANI) and core genes, we categorized all isolates into three distinct subgroups. The results indicated that subgroup II exhibited the highest acid and bile salt tolerance, with aggregation rates > 60% after 48 h and hydrophobicity of (32.00 ± 0.02)% after 15 min. This subgroup also had superior radical scavenging capacity against 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and 2,2’-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) cation radical. Hemolysis assays showed no significant hemolytic rings, indicating that all strains were safe for short-term usage. All strains were resistant to aminoglycoside antibiotics (streptomycin and gentamicin) and susceptible to glycopeptide antibiotics (vancomycin). The antibiotic resistance phenotype results were not completely consistent with the gene detection results. Genomic sequencing identified the glycoside hydrolase families 2 (GH2) and 20 (GH20). Carbon source utilization analyses indicated that galactooligosaccharides, soybean oligosaccharides, and xylitol synergistically promoted the proliferation of A. muciniphila. Taken together, subgroup II strains exhibit great potential for use as probiotics.

Key words: Akkermansia muciniphila; probiotic properties; whole genome; safety; functional genes

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