食品科学 ›› 2019, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (10): 243-250.doi: 10.7506/spkx1002-6630-20180523-336

• 成分分析 • 上一篇    下一篇

不同品种黄花菜游离氨基酸组成的主成分分析及聚类分析

刘 伟1,2,张 群1,李志坚1,卞建明1,黄绿红1,朱向荣1,单 杨1,*   

  1. 1.湖南省农业科学院湖南省农产品加工研究所,湖南 长沙 410125;2.中南大学隆平分院,湖南 长沙 410125
  • 出版日期:2019-05-25 发布日期:2019-05-31
  • 基金资助:
    湖南省农业科学院青年引导基金项目(2017QN36);湖南农业科技创新资金创新团队项目(2017GC03)

Principal Component Analysis and Cluster Analysis for Evaluating Free Amino Acids of Different Cultivars of Daylily Buds

LIU Wei1,2, ZHANG Qun1, LI Zhijian1, BIAN Jianming1, HUANG Lühong1, ZHU Xiangrong1, SHAN Yang1,*   

  1. 1. Hunan Agricultural Product Processing Institute, Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha 410125, China; 2. Longping Branch Graduate School, Central South University, Changsha 410125, China
  • Online:2019-05-25 Published:2019-05-31

摘要: 为研究不同黄花菜品种游离氨基酸(free amino acid,FAA)含量、组成及其呈味效果差异,以湖南省主栽的10 个黄花菜地方特色品种为研究对象,通过氨基酸自动分析仪快速检测游离氨基酸种类及含量,采用味道强度值(taste activity value,TAV)、各指标相关性、主成分分析法及聚类法进行分析及综合评价。结果表明:黄花菜中游离氨基酸含量丰富,含有14~17 种氨基酸,总量为13.935 mg/g。不同黄花菜品种之间氨基酸总量(total free amino acid,TFAA)、人体必需氨基酸(essential amino acid,EAA)、呈味氨基酸(taste-active amino acid,DAA)及限制氨基酸(limiting amino acid,LAA)含量均存在较大差异,其中冲天花中FAA、EAA、DAA及LAA的含量均最高。谷氨酸对黄花菜风味的影响最大,TAV在3.53~7.51之间,平均值达到5.66。通过主成分分析提取3 个主成分,累计方差贡献率为89.242%,较好地反映黄花菜中FAA的综合信息,综合得分排列前3 位的品种是冲天花、驼驼花、八月花。采用聚类分析将10 个黄花菜品种分为4 类,该聚类结果与主成分分析结果一致,较好地反映出黄花菜不同种质间的差异性。

关键词: 黄花菜, 游离氨基酸, 味道强度值, 主成分分析, 聚类分析

Abstract: This study aimed to analyze the differences in the composition, content and taste of free amino acids in daylily buds from 10 main cultivars in Hunan province. We determined the free amino acid profiles with an automatic amino acid analyzer and a systematic evaluation was performed by measurement of taste activity value (TAV), correlation analysis, principal component analysis (PCA) and cluster analysis. The results showed that daylily buds contained abundant free amino acids. A total of 14–17 free amino acids were detected at a total content of 13.935 mg/g. There were significant differences in the contents of free amino acids (FAA), total essential amino acids (EAA), taste-active amino acids (DAA) and limiting amino acids (LAA) in the 10 cultivars of daylily buds, among which the highest TFAA, EAA, DAA and LAA were observed in the cultivar CT. Glu had the greatest influence on the flavor of daylily buds, and its TAV value was between 3.53–7.51 with an average of 5.66. Three principal components were extracted by PCA, which contributed cumulatively to 89.242% of the total variance. The comprehensive scores of CT, TT and BY were ranked as the top three. Cluster analysis was used to divide these daylily cultivars into 4 groups, and the results were consistent with the PCA, which reflected the distinction among different germplasms of daylily in Hunan.

Key words: daylily, free amino acid, taste activity value, principal component analysis, cluster analysis

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