5 种食品原料对高脂饮食诱导的肥胖大鼠肠道菌群和短链脂肪酸的影响

doi:10.7506/spkx1002-6630-20210612-152

食品科学 ›› 2022, Vol. 43 ›› Issue (13): 89-100.doi: 10.7506/spkx1002-6630-20210612-152

• 营养卫生 • 上一篇

5 种食品原料对高脂饮食诱导的肥胖大鼠肠道菌群和短链脂肪酸的影响

傅金凤，谭思敏，涂师运，王娟，盛鸥

（1.华南理工大学食品科学与工程学院，广东广州 510641；2.广东省农业科学院果树研究所，农业农村部南亚热带果树生物学与遗传资源利用重点实验室，广东省热带亚热带果树研究重点实验室，广东广州 510640）

发布日期:2022-07-27
基金资助:
“十三五”国家重点研发计划重点专项（2019YFD1000203）；现代农业产业技术体系建设专项（CARS-32-01）；广东省自然科学基金项目（2018A030313026）；广东省农科院高水平农科院建设项目（R2020PY-JX002）；广东省现代农业产业技术体系创新团队项目（2021KJ109）；广东省乡村振兴战略专项；中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金项目（2019MS098）

Effects of Five Food Materials on the Abundance of Gut Microbiota and Fecal Short-Chain Fatty Acids in High-Fat Diet-Induced Obese Rats

FU Jinfeng, TAN Simin, TU Shiyun, WANG Juan, SHENG Ou

(1. School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, China; 2. Key Laboratory of South Subtropical Fruit Tree Biology and Genetic Resource Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Tropical and Subtropical Fruit Tree Research, Institute of Fruit Tree Research, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China)

Published:2022-07-27

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 香蕉粉、魔芋精粉、抗性糊精、玉米淀粉以及左旋肉碱这5 种食品原料据报道都有减肥功能，但它们对肠道微生物和代谢产物的影响以及与肠道菌群相关的减肥机制的差异尚不清楚。本研究采用16S rRNA测序检测肥胖大鼠肠道内容物，并通过高效液相色谱法（high performance liquid chromatography，HPLC）测定粪便中短链脂肪酸的含量。结果显示：益生菌属Ruminococcus_2、Coprococcus_2和Ruminiclostridium_5分别在玉米淀粉、香蕉粉和抗性糊精组中富集。Spearman相关性分析和典型关联分析（canonical correlation analysis，CCA）结果表明，肠道微生物的变化与糖脂代谢相关的生化参数密切相关。以可溶性膳食纤维为主的原料（魔芋粉和抗性糊精）和以不可溶性膳食纤维（抗性淀粉）为主的原料（香蕉粉和玉米淀粉）对短链脂肪酸的产生能力贡献度相当，均优于左旋肉碱。5 种原料增殖肠道益生菌、抑制有害菌的效果依次为抗性糊精＞香蕉粉＞玉米淀粉＞魔芋精粉，增加短链脂肪酸含量的能力依次为香蕉粉＞抗性糊精＞玉米淀粉＞魔芋精粉，而左旋肉碱对肠道菌群和短链脂肪酸几乎没有什么影响。CCA结果显示，糖脂代谢生化指标与肠道微生物群落的相关程度为空腹血糖水平＞高密度脂蛋白胆固醇水平＞总胆固醇水平＞低密度脂蛋白胆固醇水平＞总甘油三酯水平。Spearman相关性分析表明Ruminococcus_2与丁酸含量呈正相关，Escherichia.Shigella与乙酸、丁酸和总短链脂肪酸含量呈正相关。

关键词: 食品原料；肠道菌群；相关性分析；短链脂肪酸；肥胖

Abstract: Although banana powder (BP), konjac powder (KP), resistant dextrin (RD), corn starch (CS) and L-carnitine (LC) have been reported for their anti-obesity properties, their effects on the gut microbiota and its metabolites, and the differences in anti-obesity mechanisms related to the gut microbiota are still unknown. In this study, high-throughput sequencing and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) were used to detect the gut microbiota profile and the amount of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) in the feces of high-fat diet-induced obese rats, respectively. Results showed that the probiotic genera Ruminococcus_2, Coprococcus_2 and Ruminiclostridium_5 were the main bacterial genera in the CS, BP and RD groups, respectively. Spearman correlation analysis and canonical correlation analysis (CCA) demonstrated that glucolipid metabolism parameters were related to changes in the gut microbiota. The relative contributions of soluble dietary fiber-rich diets (konjac powder and resistant dextrin) and insoluble dietary fiber (resistant starch)-rich diets (banana powder and corn starch) to producing SCFAs were equivalent, and greater than that of L-carnitine (LC). The ability of the five materials to promote the growth of probiotics and inhibit the proliferation of harmful bacteria in the gut was in the decreasing order of RD > BP > CS > KP, and the ability to increase fecal SCFAs was in the decreasing order of BP > RD > CS > KP, while LC showed little effect on the gut microbiota or SCFAs. CCA analysis showed that the degree of correlation between glucolipid metabolism parameters and the intestinal microbial community decreased in the following order: blood glucose (GLU) > high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) > total cholesterol (TC) > low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) > triacylglycerol (TG). Spearman correlation analysis showed that Ruminococcus_2 was positively correlated with butyrate content, and Escherichia.Shigella was positively correlated with the contents of acetate, butyrate and total SCFAs.

Key words: food materials; gut microbiota; correlation analysis; short chain fatty acids; obesity

中图分类号:

TS201.4

傅金凤，谭思敏，涂师运，王娟，盛鸥. 5 种食品原料对高脂饮食诱导的肥胖大鼠肠道菌群和短链脂肪酸的影响[J]. 食品科学, 2022, 43(13): 89-100.

FU Jinfeng, TAN Simin, TU Shiyun, WANG Juan, SHENG Ou. Effects of Five Food Materials on the Abundance of Gut Microbiota and Fecal Short-Chain Fatty Acids in High-Fat Diet-Induced Obese Rats[J]. FOOD SCIENCE, 2022, 43(13): 89-100.

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5 种食品原料对高脂饮食诱导的肥胖大鼠肠道菌群和短链脂肪酸的影响

Effects of Five Food Materials on the Abundance of Gut Microbiota and Fecal Short-Chain Fatty Acids in High-Fat Diet-Induced Obese Rats

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