粗粮速食米替代高脂饮食对2型糖尿病小鼠糖脂代谢的影响

doi:10.7506/spkx1002-6630-20220612-115

食品科学 ›› 2023, Vol. 44 ›› Issue (9): 96-103.doi: 10.7506/spkx1002-6630-20220612-115

粗粮速食米替代高脂饮食对2型糖尿病小鼠糖脂代谢的影响

张弛，郭静科，胡雨嘉，王旭峰，刘树滔

（1.福州大学生物科学与工程学院，生物工程研究所，福建福州 350002；2.福州大学至诚学院，福建福州 350002）

出版日期:2023-05-15 发布日期:2023-05-24
基金资助:
福建省科技厅产业技术开发与应用计划：区域发展项目（2018N3009）

Effect of the Substitution of High-Fat Diet by Instant Rice with Added Coarse Grain on Glucose and Lipid Metabolism in Mice with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

ZHANG Chi, GUO Jingke, HU Yujia, WANG Xufeng, LIU Shutao

(1. Institute of Biotechnology, College of Biological Science and Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350002, China; 2. Zhicheng College, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350002, China)

Online:2023-05-15 Published:2023-05-24

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 粗粮速食米（instant rice with added coarse grain，IR/CG）是一种新型的粗粮制品，既具有自热米饭食用方便的特点，又具有粗粮谷物的营养价值，但其产生的健康影响并不明确，因此本研究通过高脂饮食（high fat diet，HFD）联合链脲佐菌素腹腔注射诱导小鼠产生糖尿病，探究IR/CG对2型糖尿病（type 2 diabetes mellitus，T2DM）小鼠糖脂代谢的作用。通过IR/CG与高脂饲料不同比例混合制备小鼠饲料，低、中、高剂量（25%（质量分数，下同）、50%、75% IR/CG）饲料以及100% IR/CG饲料分别记作IR/CG-L、IR/CG-M、IR/CG-H及IR/CG，利用上述饲料喂养小鼠，并与基础饲料、高脂饲料喂养的小鼠（分别记作Control、Model组）进行生理、生化指标等的比较。在饮食干预期间测定小鼠体质量、空腹血糖浓度、摄食量及葡萄糖耐量；IR/CG饮食干预4 周后，计算小鼠脏器系数，对小鼠肝脏、胰腺进行苏木精-伊红染色，测定小鼠空腹胰岛素水平、血糖血脂相关指标，并测定小鼠促炎细胞因子水平。结果显示，IR/CG的摄入能够不同程度改善T2DM小鼠高血糖血脂水平，其中IR/CG-H、IR/CG组改善效果较为显著。此外，IR/CG-H、IR/CG能够显著改善小鼠胰岛素抵抗现象，减少胰岛素分泌、降低胰高血糖素及糖基化血红蛋白水平，减轻小鼠炎症状态。通过对肝脏、胰腺的脏器指数及病理学切片分析发现，IR/CG干预能够有效减轻小鼠肝脂肪变性，部分恢复胰岛结构。上述结果表明IR/CG替代HFD对T2DM小鼠具有显著的调节血糖血脂作用，本研究能为粗粮自热米饭产品及粗粮功能性食品的开发提供理论依据。

关键词: 粗粮速食米；2型糖尿病；血糖

Abstract: Instant rice with added coarse grain (IR/CG) is a new type of coarse grain product which is self-heating and convenient to eat and has the nutritional value of coarse grains. However, its health effects are not clear yet. Therefore, in this study, the effect of IR/CG on glucose and lipid metabolism was explored in mice with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) induced by high fat diet (HFD) combined with intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin. The mice were fed on HFD alone (model), its mixture with IR/CG in different ratios: 25% (low-dose IR/CG, IR/CG-L), 50% (medium-dose IR/CG, IR/CG-M), and 75% (high-dose IR/CG, IR/CG-H), IR/CG alone, or a basal diet (control). During the dietary intervention, the body mass, fasting blood glucose, food intake and glucose tolerance of the mice were measured. After the IR/CG intervention for four weeks, the organ coefficients were calculated, and the pathological changes in liver and pancreas tissues were examined by hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining. Fasting insulin levels, blood glucose and lipid levels, and proinflammatory cytokines levels were determined. The experimental results showed that dietary supplementation of IR/CG improved blood glucose and lipid levels in T2DM mice to different extents, and this effect was more prominent in the IR/CG-H and IR/CG groups. In addition, IR/CG-H and IR/CG significantly mitigated insulin resistance, decreased insulin secretion, glucagon and HbA1c levels, and reduced oxidative stress injury and inflammatory cytokine levels in T2DM mice. By analyzing the organ index and pathological sections of liver and pancreas tissues, it was found that IR/CG intervention could effectively alleviate liver steatosis and partially restore the structure of the pancreatic islets in mice. Therefore, the substitution of high-fat diet by IR/CG has a significant effect on regulating blood glucose and lipids in T2DM mice, which can provide a theoretical basis for the development of self-heating rice products and functional foods with coarse-grain.

Key words: instant rice with added coarse grain; type 2 diabetes mellitus; blood glucose

中图分类号:

TS201.4

张弛，郭静科，胡雨嘉，王旭峰，刘树滔. 粗粮速食米替代高脂饮食对2型糖尿病小鼠糖脂代谢的影响[J]. 食品科学, 2023, 44(9): 96-103.

ZHANG Chi, GUO Jingke, HU Yujia, WANG Xufeng, LIU Shutao. Effect of the Substitution of High-Fat Diet by Instant Rice with Added Coarse Grain on Glucose and Lipid Metabolism in Mice with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus[J]. FOOD SCIENCE, 2023, 44(9): 96-103.

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粗粮速食米替代高脂饮食对2型糖尿病小鼠糖脂代谢的影响

Effect of the Substitution of High-Fat Diet by Instant Rice with Added Coarse Grain on Glucose and Lipid Metabolism in Mice with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

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