Control of Soft Rot in Kiwifruit by Pre-Harvest Application of Chitosan Composite Coating and Its Effect on Preserving and Improving Kiwifruit Quality

doi:10.7506/spkx1002-6630-201622042

Abstract

Abstract: This study aimed to examine the effect of pre-harvest chitosan composite coating on controlling soft rot in kiwifruit and on maintaining and improving kiwifruit quality. Soft rot pathogens were isolated from infected ‘Guichang’ kiwifruits (Actinidia deliciosa cv. Guichang) from Xiuwen county of Guizhou province, evaluated for pathogenicity and identified by DNA sequencing. Composite coatings were formulated by blending chitosan, calcium nitrate and dextrin with tea polyphenols, glycine, citric acid, antimicrobial peptide, respectively, and they were screened for application on kiwifruits at the young fruit period and the late expanding period. The results indicated that the soft rot pathogens identified were Botryosphaeria dothidea and Phomopsis sp., with Botryosphaeria dothidea being the dominant species, whose pathogenicity was greater than that of Phomopsis sp.. All chitosan composite coatings were effective at controlling kiwifruit soft rot and significantly decreased soft rot incidence. The control efficiencies of chitosan composite coatings with added tea polyphenols, glycine, citric acid and antimicrobial peptide were 86.54%, 61.54%, 71.15%, and 69.23%, respectively. All these coatings could significantly decrease malondialdehyde accumulation in kiwifruit during storage, increase the activities of superoxide dismutase, catalase and peroxidase, and enhance disease resistance. Moreover, the pre-harvest application of these chitosan composite films had no significant impact on longitudinal diameter, transverse diameter, lateral diameter or fruit shape index, but could effectively increase the average weight and volume of single fruits, as well as the contents of vitamin C, total soluble solids, total soluble sugar, titratable acid, chlorophyll and protein, and accordingly improved the yield and quality of kiwifruit. In addition, the application of these chitosan composite films could significantly increase and maintain fruit firmness, reduce respiratory intensity, weight loss and losses of vitamin C, total soluble solids, total soluble sugar, titratable acid, chlorophyll and protein, obviously inhibit the increase in total soluble solids and total soluble sugars, delay fruit senescence and softening, and thus improve the storability of kiwifruit. The present study may provide a scientific basis and a new way for high-quality cultivation, organic control of soft rot and green preservation of kiwifruit.

Key words: kiwifruit, chitosan, calcium, soft rot, storage, quality

CLC Number:

ZHANG Cheng, LI Ming,*, LONG Youhua, WU Xiaomao,. Control of Soft Rot in Kiwifruit by Pre-Harvest Application of Chitosan Composite Coating and Its Effect on Preserving and Improving Kiwifruit Quality[J]. FOOD SCIENCE, 2016, 37(22): 274-281.

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