Abstract: As a new generation of genetically engineered antibodies, recombinant antibodies are widely used in immunodetection of food hazards due to their simple structure as well as easy expression and modification. However, due to the non-directionality and imprecision of recombinant antibody preparation technology, the affinity of recombinant antibodies is low, which affects their practical application. Therefore, it is necessary to study how to improve the affinity of recombinant antibodies. This article summarizes the preparation technologies for recombinant antibodies against food hazards, describes the affinity enhancement strategies for recombinant antibodies such as mutation and evolution of recombinant antibodies, screening of mutation library, preparation of conventional multivalent antibodies, and self-assembly of antibody fusion proteins, and finally discusses the technical bottlenecks and future development directions in this field.

Key words: food hazards; immunoassays; recombinant antibodies; affinity enhancement