Abstract: The bacterium Lactobacillus plantarum NDC 75017 was isolated from traditional dairy products in Inner Mongolia of China. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the environment tolerance ability and the in vitro cholesterol removal ability of L. plantarum NDC 75017. Viable count was firstly used in this research to detect the tolerance characteristics under simulated gastrointestinal tract environment pH 2.0-3.0. Additionally, bacteria growth was evaluated with levels of bile salt of 0.3% (w/v) and sodium chloride of 0-7g/100mL. O-phthalaldehyde was used to detect the effect of its cholesterol-lowering levels. The results showed that L. plantarum NDC 75017 have tolerance characteristics against the situation of pH 3.0 and 0.3% (w/v) bile salt concentration. The viable can be 108 CFU/ml under 7 g/100ml sodium chloride. L. plantarum NDC 75017 kept vitality through the stomach into intestines. After 8 h incubation in artificial intestinal fluid, the strain revealed a survival rate of 58.73%. Effect of its cholesterol-lowering levels in bacteria fermentation supernatant, cleaning solution of bacteria and cell disruption solution was evaluated in vitro test. The degradation rate of cholesterol was 16.43%, 26.35% and 32.87% respectively. These results indicated that Lactobacillus plantarum NDC 75017 have tolerance characteristics against the environment and could be effective as a probiotic with cholesterol-lowering activities.