稻谷薄层热风干燥特性及数学模型

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 以稻谷为研究对象，采用正交试验方法对稻谷进行了热风干燥，研究了稻谷在不同热风温度、初始含水率和热风风速条件下的热风干燥特性，比较了10种数学模型在稻谷热风干燥中的适用性。结果表明：稻谷在热风干燥过程中没有出现明显的恒速干燥阶段，且干燥主要发生在降速干燥阶段；热风温度是影响稻谷热风干燥的最主要因素，其次是初始含水率；取初始含水率为20%、温度为50oC、热风风速为1.4m/s的方案为稻谷的最优热风干燥工艺方案，此时的最佳数学模型为Page模型；缓苏可有效地抑制稻谷的爆腰率，缓苏温度越高，缓苏时间越长，缓苏效果越好；当初始含水率分别为24%和热风温度为40oC时，实验值和模型值的相对平均误差分别为1.563%和1.474%，表明模型预测的干燥曲线和试验所得的干燥曲线一致较好；随着热风温度的升高，稻谷的有效水分扩散系数变大，经热风温度从40oC增加到60oC，其有效水分扩散系数由9.69 ×10-10m2/s增加到 10.77 ×10-10m2/s，稻谷的干燥活化能为47.1kJ/mol。

关键词: 热风干燥, 数学模型, 有效水分扩散系数, 爆腰率, 活化能, 稻谷

Abstract: The characteristics of hot-air drying of rough rice under different conditions of hot-air temperature, initial moisture content and air velocities were investigated by orthogonal test and the applicability of 10 mathematical models for the process of hot-air drying rough rice was compared. The results showed that: there is no apparent constant-rate drying period in the hot-air drying process, and moisture removal mainly occurs in the falling-rate drying period; hot-air temperature is the main factor that affects the hot-air drying, followed by wind speed; the optimal hot-air drying process for rough rice is the plan of the initial moisture content of 20%, hot-air temperature of 50oC and air velocity of 1.4m/s, and the Page Model is found to be the best mathematical model for describing the drying characteristics of rough rice under the condition; tempering can inhibit the generation of the fissure effectively, and raising the tempering temperature and time can keep fissure ratio lower; under the condition of initial moisture content of 24% and air velocities of 1.4m/s, the relative mean deviation between experimental result and predication are 1.563% and 1.474%, respectively, and it shows predicted drying curves fit well to those obtained from experiment; with the increase of temperature, the effective moisture diffusion coefficient of rough rice increases, when the hot-air temperature increases from 40oC to 60oC, the effective moisture diffusion coefficient increases from 9.69×10-10m2/s to 10.77 ×10-10m2/s, and the activation energy for rough rice drying is 47.1kJ/mol.

Key words: hot-air drying, mathematical model, effective moisture diffusion coefficient, fissure ratio, activation energy, rough rice

中图分类号:

TS205

尹晓峰杨明金李光林张先锋周玉华杨玲. 稻谷薄层热风干燥特性及数学模型[J]. 食品科学, 0, (): 0-0.

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