食品科学 ›› 2022, Vol. 43 ›› Issue (21): 93-101.doi: 10.7506/spkx1002-6630-20210918-224

• 食品工程 • 上一篇    

超声波预处理时间对扇贝柱热泵干燥动力学及品质特性的影响

赵亚,朱智壮,刘静,吴小恬,石启龙   

  1. (山东理工大学农业工程与食品科学学院,山东 淄博 255000)
  • 发布日期:2022-12-12
  • 基金资助:
    山东省自然科学基金项目(ZR2020MC215)

Effect of Ultrasonic Pretreatment Time on the Drying Kinetics and Quality Attributes of Heat Pump-Dried Scallop Adductors

ZHAO Ya, ZHU Zhizhuang, LIU Jing, WU Xiaotian, SHI Qilong   

  1. (School of Agricultural Engineering and Food Science, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo 255000, China)
  • Published:2022-12-12

摘要: 为了提高扇贝柱热泵干燥效率,改善扇贝柱干制品品质,本实验研究超声波(ultrasonic,US)预处理时间(0、10、20、30 min)对扇贝柱干燥动力学与品质特性的影响,利用低场核磁共振(low-field nuclear magnetic resonance,LF-NMR)探究扇贝柱干燥过程中水分状态分布规律。结果表明,扇贝柱干燥进程遵循降速干燥模式,干燥进程受内部水分扩散控制,US预处理提高了扇贝柱干燥速率和有效水分扩散系数。相比于CK组(除未经US预处理外,其余处理同US组),US预处理可降低扇贝柱总色差,提高干制品韧性。干燥数学模型拟合结果表明Midilli et al.模型为描述扇贝柱热泵干燥过程的最适模型。LF-NMR分析结果表明,不易流动水决定了扇贝柱热泵干燥过程中含水率的变化;自由水和不易流动水的迁移速率随US预处理时间的延长而加快,不易流动水弛豫时间T22与含水率有很强的相关性。综上,US预处理可提高扇贝柱热泵干燥效率,并对干制品色泽、收缩率、复水比和质构特性具有一定影响,LF-NMR可预测扇贝柱干燥过程中含水率变化。本研究可为水产品尤其是扇贝柱的热泵干燥提供一定的理论依据和实践参考。

关键词: 扇贝柱;超声波;热泵干燥;数学模型;低场核磁共振;水分状态与分布

Abstract: The effect of ultrasonic (US) pretreatment time (0, 10, 20, 30 min) on the drying kinetics and quality attributes of heat pump-dried scallop adductors were investigated to enhance the drying efficiency and improve the product quality. Low-field nuclear magnetic resonance (LF-NMR) spectroscopy was used to explore the water state and distribution of scallop adductors during the drying process. The results showed that the drying process took place in the falling rate period and was controlled by internal moisture diffusion. The drying rate and the effective moisture diffusion coefficient were increased by US pretreatment. Compared with the untreated control group, US pretreatment reduced the total color difference and improved the toughness of dried scallop adductors. The fitting results of the drying mathematical model showed that Midilli et al. model is the most suitable model for describing the drying process. LF-NMR spectra revealed that immobilized water determined the change in the water content of scallop adductors during the drying process. The migration rate of free and immobilized water was increased with increasing US time. The relaxation time of immobilized water T22 had a strong correlation with the moisture content. We concluded that US pretreatment increases the drying efficiency and affects the color, shrinkage rate, rehydrate rate and texture properties of dried scallop adductors. LF-NMR spectroscopy can be employed to predict the change in the moisture content of scallop adductors during the drying process. This study provides a theoretical basis and practical reference for the heat pump drying of aquatic products, especially scallop adductors.

Key words: scallop adductors; ultrasonic; heat pump drying; mathematical modeling; low-field nuclear magnetic resonance; water status and distribution

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