关键词: 紫外光谱, 牛肝菌, 夹角余弦, 欧氏距离, 主成分分析, 鉴别

Abstract:

In this study, an ultraviolet (UV) spectroscopic method was established for rapid identification of different species
of bolete mushrooms from different areas. For preparation of boletes extracts, the optimal extraction extraction solvent,
sample amount and extraction time were determined as 0.5 mol/L NaOH, 0.100 0 g and 40 min, respectively. The similarity
of UV spectral fingerprint of bolete samples was analyzed by included angle cosine (IAC), Euclidean distance (ED) and
principal component analysis (PCA). The results showed that, within 10 h, the RSDs of stability, repeatability and accuracy
for bolete extracts were 0.06%–2.33%, 0.09%–1.81% and 0.11%–1.92%, respectively. The difference of IAC values among
samples was small, ranging from 0.823 to 0.999. But the difference of ED values among samples was large, ranging from
31.36 to 873.17. PCA showed that the cumulative contribution rate of the first three factors was 93.626%, which could
reflect most information about the samples. These findings suggested that the ED and PCA methods can be used for rapid
identification and quality control of different specices of boletes from different areas.

Key words: ultraviolet spectroscopy, bolete, included angle cosine, Euclidean distance, principal component analysis, identification