食品科学

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微波辅助合成半乳聚糖及其结构分析

王海松1,施用晖1,2,乐国伟1,2,*   

  1. 1.江南大学食品学院,食品营养与功能因子研究中心,江苏 无锡 214122;
    2.江南大学 食品科学与技术国家重点实验室,江苏 无锡 214122
  • 出版日期:2014-12-25 发布日期:2014-12-29
  • 通讯作者: 乐国伟
  • 基金资助:

    “十二五”国家科技支撑计划项目(2012BAD33B05)

Microwave-Assisted Synthesis and Structural Analysis of Galactan

WANG Hai-song1, SHI Yong-hui1,2, LE Guo-wei1,2,*   

  1. 1. Research Center of Food Nutrition and Functional Factors, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University,
    Wuxi 214122, China; 2. State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
  • Online:2014-12-25 Published:2014-12-29
  • Contact: LE Guo-wei

摘要:

目的:研究半乳聚糖的快速、高效制备方法,并对产物进行结构分析。方法:在微波辐照下,以半乳糖为底物,氯化钠溶液为引发剂,杂多酸为反应催化剂,催化底物脱水缩合生成半乳聚糖,并通过乙醇沉淀去除催化剂和引发剂,Sephadex G-25葡聚糖凝胶柱分级纯化,高效凝胶渗透色谱分析半乳聚糖的纯度及聚合度,高效阴离子交换色谱分析单糖组成,最后通过红外光谱分析半乳聚糖的构型。结果:半乳聚糖的最优合成条件为引发剂浓度0.25 mol/L、催化剂添加量1.1%、反应温度130 ℃、微波辐照4.5 min,半乳糖转化率为97.22%。半乳聚糖的平均分子质量为2.853 kD,平均聚合度为17。单糖组成为半乳糖及微量葡萄糖。红外光谱及氢核磁共振波谱(1H-nuclearmagnetic resonance,1H-NMR)分析表明半乳聚糖残基以β-构型为主。结论:可以通过微波辐照杂多酸催化的方法快速、高效制备半乳聚糖。

关键词: 微波, 半乳聚糖, 结构分析

Abstract:

Purpose: To develop a rapid and efficient method to synthesize galactan and analyze the structure of the synthetic
product. Methods: For preparation of galactan, galactose was allowed to undergo a dehydration-condensation reaction
initiated by sodium chloride solution and catalyzed by heteropolyacid under microwave irradiation. The synthetic product
was precipitated by addition of anhydrous ethanol and purified/fractionated by Sepherdex G-25 column chromatography. The
purity and degree of polymerization (DP) were analyzed by high performance gel permeation chromatography (HPGPC), the
monosaccharide composition by high performance anion exchange chromatography (HPAEC), and the structure by IR and NMR
spectroscopy. Results: The optimal conditions for synthesizing galactan were determined as follows: initiator concentration
0.25 mol/L, catalyst dosage 1.1%, reaction temperature 130 ℃ and microwave irradiation time 4.5 min. Under these conditions, the
conversion rate of galactose was 97.22%, and the synthesized product had an average molecular weight of 2.853 kD and a degree
of polymerization of 17 and was composed of monosaccharide components such as galactose and trace glucose. IR and 1H-NMR
analysis showed that the sugar residues in the galactan were dominated by β-configuration. Conclusion: Galactan can be rapidly
and efficiently synthesized by microwave irradiation under the catalysis of heteropolyacid.

Key words: microwave, galactan, structural analyses

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