食品科学

• 基础研究 • 上一篇    下一篇

外源镧对不同品种黄瓜镉积累及镉化学形态的影响

陈 蓉1,刘 俊1,徐卫红1,*,谢文文1,熊仕娟1,张进忠1,熊治庭2,焦文涛3   

  1. 1.西南大学资源环境学院,重庆 400715;2.武汉大学资源与环境科学学院,湖北 武汉 430079;
    3.中国科学院生态环境研究中心 城市与区域生态国家重点实验室,北京 100085
  • 出版日期:2015-03-15 发布日期:2015-03-17

Effect of Exogenous Lanthanum on Accumulation and Chemical Forms of Cadmium in Different Varieties of Cucumber (Cucumis satiuus L.)

CHEN Rong1, LIU Jun1, XU Weihong1,*, XIE Wenwen1, XIONG Shijuan1, ZHANG Jinzhong1, XIONG Zhiting2, JIAO Wentao3   

  1. 1. College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; 2. College of Resources
    and Environmental Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China; 3. State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology,
    Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
  • Online:2015-03-15 Published:2015-03-17

摘要:

采用盆栽实验研究了土壤重金属Cd(20 mg/kg)污染下,外源镧(0、10、20 mg/L LaCl3)对‘燕白’和‘津优1号’2 个品种黄瓜(Cucumis satiuus L.)生长、丙二醛含量、抗氧化酶活性及果实中的总Cd含量和形态的影响。结果表明:La提高了2 个品种叶和根的抗氧化酶(过氧化氢酶、超氧化物歧化酶和过氧化物酶)的活性,增加了2 个品种的叶、茎、根、果实干质量及植株总干质量。La对‘津优1号’植株干物质量的影响大于‘燕白’。外源La使黄瓜叶和根抗氧化酶活性升高可能是植株对Cd的抗性增强、干质量增加的生理机制之一。La减少了2 个品种果实中总Cd含量和不同形态Cd含量,但随着La质量浓度的增加,2 个品种果实总Cd含量和残渣态Cd(FR)含量表现为先降后升的趋势。外源La使黄瓜叶、茎、根和果实中的Cd含量分别降低了6.0%~10.2%、8.9%~23.5%、4.0%~29.2%和32.0%~49.8%。喷La后,单株果实的Cd含量和Cd积累量、植株Cd全量均以‘津优1号’>‘燕白’。

关键词: La与Cd交互, 抗氧化酶, 丙二醛, Cd累积, Cd形态, 黄瓜品种

Abstract:

Cadmium (Cd) is one of the most important pollutants in soil, and it has attracted wide attention from scientists
because of its harm to soil ecosystem. Pot experiments were carried out to investigate the effects of different lanthanum (La)
levels (0, 10 and 20 mg/L LaCl3) on dry weights of plants, malonaldehyde (MDA) content, antioxidant enzymes activities,
Cd accumulation and chemical forms in two cucumber varieties (‘Yanbai’ and ‘Jinyou 1’) when exposed to Cd (20 mg/kg).
The results showed that activities of catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and peroxidase (POD) in leaves and roots,
and dry weights of leaves, stems, roots, fruits and whole plants of two varieties increased in the presence of exogenous LaCl3
when exposed to Cd. Effect of La on dry weights of whole plants was found to be higher in ‘Jinyou 1’ than that in’Yanbai’.
Exogenous lanthanum, which can increase antioxidant enzyme activities of leaves and roots in two cucumber varieties, may
play an important role in increasing resistance of plants to Cd and dry weights of whole plants. All chemical forms of Cd and
the total extractable Cd in fruits of the two varieties obviously decreased in LaCl3 treatments compared to the control, while
the total extractable Cd and residual Cd (FR) of two varieties deceased at first, and then increased with an increase in LaCl3
level. Cadmium contents in leaves, stems, roots and fruits of both varieties decreased by 6.0%–10.2%, 8.9%–23.5%, 4.0%–
29.2% and 32.0%–49.8% in the presence of LaCl3. Cadmium contents and accumulation of fruits from individual plants, and
total Cd contents in whole plants followed the decreasing order of ‘Jinyou 1’ > ‘Yanbai’ in the presence of LaCl3.

Key words: antagonism of lanthanum and cadmium, antioxidant enzymes, malonaldehyde, Cd accumulation, Cd fractions;cucumber varieties

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