食品科学

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老腊肉腌制烟熏加工过程中主体特征风味及变化规律

李 林1,吴 倩1,林 静1,王振华1,尚永彪1,2,3,*   

  1. 1.西南大学食品科学学院,重庆 400716;2.农业部农产品贮藏保鲜质量安全评估实验室(重庆),重庆 400716;
    3.重庆市特色食品工程技术研究中心,重庆 400716
  • 出版日期:2015-08-25 发布日期:2015-08-17
  • 通讯作者: 尚永彪
  • 基金资助:

    重庆市特色食品工程技术研究中心能力提升项目(cstc2014pt-gc8001)

Variations in Major Characteristic Flavor Compounds during Pickling and Smoking of Chinese Traditional Bacon

LI Lin1, WU Qian1, LIN Jing1, WANG Zhenhua1, SHANG Yongbiao1,2,3,*   

  1. 1. College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China;
    2. Quality and Safety Risk Assessment Laboratory of Products Preservation (Chongqing), Ministry of Agriculture,
    Chongqing 400716, China; 3. Chongqing Special Food Programme and Technology Research Center, Chongqing 400716, China
  • Online:2015-08-25 Published:2015-08-17
  • Contact: SHANG Yongbiao

摘要:

以重庆城口改进型老腊肉为研究对象,采用顶空固相微萃取结合气相色谱-质谱(gas chromatography-massspectrometry,GC-MS)联用技术,分析加工过程中挥发性风味物质的变化,并根据主体风味物质的变化规律确定最佳烟熏时间。分别对腌制前、腌制后、电热烘烤、烟熏5、10、15 d共6 个阶段的样品进行GC-MS分析。结果表明:6 个阶段检出的挥发性风味物质共80 种,其中醇类9 种、醛类17 种、酮类4 种、酚类10 种、酯类13 种、酸类1 种、醚类2 种、碳氢类化合物22 种、其他类2 种。通过对挥发性风味物质的定性、定量分析确定醛类、酚类、酯类和碳氢化合物为腊肉加工过程中的主体风味物质,并根据其种类和相对含量的变化规律确定了最佳的低温烟熏时间为10 d。

关键词: 腊肉, 固相微萃取, 气相色谱-质谱联用, 挥发性风味物质, 低温烟熏时间

Abstract:

Solid phase microextraction (HS-SPME) combined with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS)
was used to determine changes in volatile flavor compounds in during the processing of Chongqing bacon based on which
the best cold smoking time could be established. Green and dry-cured, oven-roasted, and 5, 10 and 15-day smoked bacon
samples were analyzed by GC-MS, respectively. The results showed that 80 volatile flavor compounds including 9 alcohols,
17 aldehydes, 4 ketones, 10 phenols, 13 esters, 1 acid, 2 ethers, 22 hydrocarbons and 2 furans were detected. Based on
the variations in the types and relative contents of major flavor compounds including aldehydes, phenols, esters and
hydrocarbons, the best cold smoking time for Chinese traditional bacon was 10 days.

Key words: Chinese traditional bacon, solid phase microextraction (SPME), gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), volatile flavor compounds, cold smoking time

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