食品科学 ›› 2020, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (21): 1-6.doi: 10.7506/spkx1002-6630-20191029-323

• 基础研究 •    下一篇

生鲜猪肉肌细胞内外间隙和水分状态与持水性的关系

李华健,陈韬,杨波若,李燕清,卞健科,舒国涛   

  1. (云南农业大学食品科学技术学院,云南 昆明 650201)
  • 发布日期:2020-11-23
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金地区科学基金项目(31660441)

Relationship of Intra- and Extracellular Spaces of Myocytes with Water-Holding Capacity and Water Status in Fresh Pork

LI Huajian, CHEN Tao, YANG Boruo, LI Yanqing, BIAN Jianke, SHU Guotao   

  1. College of Food Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China
  • Published:2020-11-23

摘要: 为探究生鲜猪肉汁液流失通道形成的位置,补充完善汁液流失形成机理,本研究选择20 条猪背最长肌,通过低场核磁共振技术测定了宰后12 h和24 h肌肉中结合水(P2b)、不易流动水(P21)和自由水(P22)的相对含量,宰后45 min,3、9、12 h和24 h肌原纤维与肌细胞膜之间的距离(肌细胞内间隙)和肌细胞之间的距离(肌细胞外间隙)。结果显示:在宰后24 h,高汁液流失率组的P21极显著低于低汁液流失率组(P<0.01),P22极显著高于低汁液流失率组(P<0.01);高汁液流失率组宰后45 min的肌细胞内间隙和宰后9 h的肌细胞外间隙显著大于低汁液流失率组(P<0.05);宰后45 min的肌细胞内间隙与汁液流失率呈极显著正相关(P<0.01),解释了24 h P22变异的24.8%和汁液流失率变异的45.3%;宰后24 h的P22与汁液流失率呈极显著正相关(P<0.01),解释了汁液流失率变异的39.5%。结论:生鲜猪肉在僵直过程中,肌原纤维的收缩会导致肌细胞内和肌细胞外都形成汁液流失通道。宰后45 min的肌细胞内间隙可以较好地解释自由水含量和汁液流失率的变异,宰后45 min的肌细胞内间隙越大,后期肌肉中自由水含量越多,汁液流失率越高,持水性越差。

关键词: 持水性;低场核磁共振;细胞内外间隙;汁液流失率

Abstract: In order to investigate the location where drip channels are formed in fresh pork and to complement the current knowledge about the mechanism of drip loss in meat, 20 pork Longissimus dorsi muscle samples were chosen to measure the relative contents of bound water (P2b), immobilized water (P21) and free water (P22) at 12 h and 24 h post-mortem by low-field nuclear magnetic resonance in this study, and the distance between the myofibrillar and the myocyte membrane (intracellular space) and the distance between the myocytes (extracellular space) at 45 min, 3, 9, 12 h, and 24 h post-mortem. The results showed that P21 and P22 at 24 h post-mortem were respectively significantly lower and higher in the high drip loss group than in the low drip loss group (P < 0.01). The intracellular space at 45 min and the extracellular space at 9 h post-mortem in the high drip loss group were significantly greater than those in the low drip loss group (P < 0.05). The intramuscular space at 45 min post-mortem was positively correlated with drip loss (P < 0.01), explaining 24.8% and 45.3% of the variation in P22 and drip loss at 24h post-mortem, respectively. P22 at 24 h post-mortem was positively correlated with drip loss (P < 0.01), explaining 39.5% of the variation in drip loss. The above results suggest that the contraction of pork myofibrils during rigor can cause the formation of intra- and extracellular drip channels. The intracellular space of myocytes at 45 min post-mortem could explain the variation in free water content and drip loss. Larger intracellular space at 45 min post-mortem results in higher free water content in muscle, higher drip loss and weaker water-holding capacity.

Key words: water-holding capacity; low-field nuclear magnetic resonance; intra- and extracellular spaces of myocytes; drip loss rate

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